微量元素是指在人和动物体内与铁等量或比其少量存在的元素而言。微量元素可以分为三类:①人与动物必需的,②可能是必需的,③对人体有损害的元素。在临床上因量不足而致病的微量元素有锌、锰、铬、硒。其中锌缺乏症、铜缺乏症及肝豆状核变性综合征(Wilson 病)最引人重视。先天性微量元素代谢异常有肠性肢端皮肤炎(AE)、卷发综合征(KHS)、皮肤松弛症(X—linked cutis laxa),以及前述的Wilson 病等。1960年开始报告人的锌缺乏症及铜缺乏症。70年代在完全非经口营养(TPN)时及两例先天性代谢异常(AE 与 KHS)者发现此两种元素缺乏。近来又发现低体重新生儿也有两元素缺乏症。一、锌 Trace elements refer to the same or smaller amounts of elements in humans and animals as iron. Trace elements can be divided into three categories: ① human and animal needs, ② may be necessary, ③ damage to the human body elements. In clinical factors due to lack of trace elements are zinc, manganese, chromium, selenium. Among them zinc deficiency, copper deficiency and Wilson’s disease (Wilson’s disease) the most attention. Congenital metabolic abnormalities of trace elements are intestinal acral dermatitis (AE), curly hair syndrome (KHS), loose skin disease (X-linked cutis laxa), and Wilson disease and so on. Beginning in 1960, he reported zinc deficiency and copper deficiency. The two elements were found deficient in total non-oral nutrition (TPN) and two cases of congenital metabolic abnormalities (AE and KHS) in the 1970s. Recently, low birth weight infants have also found two-element deficiency. First, zinc