研究高 Ｔｃ 超导材料在正常态与超导态的热导率， 对于开拓高 Ｔｃ 超导材料新的应用， 以及对于确保高 Ｔｃ 超导体稳定运行措施的制定等都是至关重要的。本文从微结构的角度来研究超导材料在正常态和超导态的热导率随温度的变化情况。在超导材料内的热载子是电子和声子， 随着温度的降低， 电子的运动逐渐减弱， 超导材料的热导率下降。当温度降至低于 Ｔｃ 时， 由于导热电子凝聚成 Ｃｏｏｐｅｒ对， 声子在运动中受到电子的碰撞减少， 声子的损耗降低， 声子的运动得到加强， 从而导致超导材料的热导率逐渐上升。但随着温度的进一步下降，声子运动也逐步减弱，此时超导材料的热导率在到达某一峰值后也开始下降。同时， 由于载热子主要在 Ｃｕ Ｏ面上运动， 因此， Ｃｕ Ｏ面上的热导率大于ｃ轴方向上的热导率， 而且ｃ轴方向上的热导率在 Ｔｃ 温度附近的峰值也不明显 Studying the thermal conductivity of high Tc superconducting materials in normal and superconducting states is of crucial importance for developing new applications of high Tc superconducting materials and for ensuring the stable operation of high Tc superconductors. In this paper, the thermal conductivity of superconducting materials with normal and superconducting states is investigated with the change of microstructure. The thermal carriers in the superconducting material are electrons and phonons. As the temperature decreases, the movement of the electrons gradually decreases and the thermal conductivity of the superconducting material decreases. When the temperature drops below Tc, the phonon collides with electrons to reduce the movement of phonons due to the condensation of the conduction electrons. The phonon loss is reduced and the phonon movement is strengthened, resulting in the thermal conductivity of the superconducting material Gradually rising. However, as the temperature drops further, the phonon motion is gradually weakened. At this time, the thermal conductivity of the superconducting material also begins to decline after reaching a certain peak value. Meanwhile, since the heat carrier mainly moves on the CuO surface, the thermal conductivity on the CuO surface is greater than the thermal conductivity in the c-axis direction, and the peak value of the thermal conductivity in the c-axis direction near the Tc temperature is also Not obvious