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“即”、“便”、“就”本来都是动词,后来都产生副词和连词的用法,但这三个词的虚化途径并不相同。“即”早在先秦就完成了从动词到副词再到连词的语法化过程,“即”从动词到连词有一根连续虚化的链条贯穿。“便”和“就”在长期的运用过程中也由动词虚化为副词和连词,但却难以发现连续虚化的踪迹。“便”从汉代产生副词用法以后与“即”意义、用法完全相同,长期通用,使人们产生类推心理,将“即”的让步连词用法(“纵然”义)错项移植到“便”。“就”在虚化为副词以前就已用作让步连词,“就”的让步连词用法也不是直接从动词“就”变来,而是由“即”错项移植而来。错项移植是一定机制作用的结果,包括认同心理的作用,句法格式的移用和类同虚化的趋势。
“” “ ”, “” “” Are all verbs, and later produce the usage of adverbs and conjunctions, but the three words are not the same way of virtualization. “That ” As early as the Qin Dynasty to complete the grammaticalization from verbs to adverbs and then to the conjunctions, “ ” from the verb to the conjunction has a continuous blur of the chain runs through. “ ” And “” in the long-term use of the process of virtual verbs into adverbs and conjunctions, but it is difficult to find traces of continuous blur. Mistakes ported to “will ”. “Dian ” has been used as a concession conjunction until it becomes an adverb, and the use of concession conjunctions does not change directly from the verb “to ” but from the “” Transplant from. Migration of wrong items is the result of a certain mechanism, including the role of identity psychology, the shift of syntactic format and the tendency of trivialization.