论文部分内容阅读
1958年,“大跃进”进入高潮,机械工业的发展呈现出诸多耐人寻味的现象。在当时特殊的背景下,“蚂蚁啃骨头”的机械加工方法得到了重视和推广。此加工方法涉及冷、热两大类的机械加工问题,其中“蚂蚁”主要是指所谓的“移动式”机床和“积木式”机床,而“骨头”则是指经铸、锻、焊接等方法处理后的大型工件。“蚂蚁啃骨头”的加工方法主要是依靠工人的经验所采取的一种代用的技术方法,它解决了当时机械加工行业的生产困难,但也被赋予了很强的政治色彩。这种加工方法从一个侧面反映了20世纪五六十年代中国装备制造的工业基础、技术水平,也展示出中国当代的政治、经济和文化等因素对技术发展的影响。
In 1958, the “Great Leap Forward” entered a climax, and the development of machinery industry showed many intriguing phenomena. Under the special background of the time, “ants bite the bone,” the mechanical processing method has been valued and promoted. This processing method involves two kinds of machining problems, cold and hot. Among them, “ants” mainly refer to so-called “mobile” and “modular” machine tools, whereas “bones” Refers to the casting, forging, welding and other methods of processing large workpieces. The processing method of “ants gnawing bones” is mainly an alternative technical method that relies on the experience of the workers. It solves the production difficulties of the machining industry at that time but is also given a strong political tone. This method of processing reflects the industrial foundation and technological level of China’s equipment manufacturing in the 1950s and 1960s and also shows the impact of contemporary political, economic and cultural factors on technological development in China.