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自然垄断、不完全竞争、信息不对称以及外部性等因素的存在,使价格不能或不应该完全依靠市场形成和决定,从而需要政府在必要时进行价格管制。自然垄断、公用事业行业是政府价格管制的重点;竞争性领域的价格可由市场形成,但当涉及公共利益时,价格不应该完全由市场决定;除常规性的价格管制外,在一些特殊时期,政府还会采取一些临时的价格干预措施。
The existence of natural monopoly, imperfect competition, asymmetric information and externalities make it impossible for prices to or should not rely entirely on market formation and decisions, thus requiring the government to exercise price controls when necessary. Natural monopoly and public utilities industries are the focus of government price control. The price in the competitive field can be formed by the market, but when it comes to the public interest, the price should not be completely determined by the market. In addition to the regular price control, during some special periods, The government will also take some temporary price interventions.