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目前对神经干细胞增殖的调控机制还不够了解。作为一个肿瘤抑制基因,PTEN通过反向调节类脂第二信使的信号传导过程实现对肿瘤的抑制作用,而PTEN突变导致的功能减弱可引起PIP3的显著升高和AKT信号活化的增强,进而导致细胞凋亡的抑制、细胞过度增殖和肿瘤形成。最近一系列体内外研究发现PTEN突变可导致神经干细胞的细胞周期缩短和凋亡减少,提示PTEN对神经干细胞的增殖有负向调节作用。
The current mechanism of neural stem cell proliferation is not well understood. As a tumor suppressor gene, PTEN can inhibit the tumor by reversely regulating the signal transduction process of lipid second messenger. The weakened function induced by PTEN mutation can cause the significant increase of PIP3 and the activation of AKT signal, leading to Inhibition of apoptosis, hyperproliferation of cells and tumor formation. A recent series of in vitro and in vivo studies have found that PTEN mutation can lead to shortening of cell cycle and decrease of apoptosis of neural stem cells, suggesting that PTEN negatively regulates the proliferation of neural stem cells.