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轨道超高测量是我国轨道检测中的一个基本项目。由于列车运行中车辆的晃动和曲线上离心加速度的影响,以往我国还未有专门的、可靠的超高测量装置。 我国新研究成功的轨道超高测量装置,采用先进的单轴垂直平台系统及利用速率陀螺对平台进行不变性补偿的原理,成功地克服了离心加速度的影响,使在通过曲线时运行中的盘旋误差基本上得到消除,从而能在车厢内建立当地真垂线基准,准确测量出运行状态下轨道的横向水平和超高。 本文较详细地论述了测量装置的组成、伺服回路的设计与分析、调平回路与离心加速度的不变性补偿、超高的计算与调整等。 最后根据经过六万余公里的运行试验和专门的测试校对,分析了本装置在实际应用中的可靠性和精确性。
Track ultra-high-altitude orbit detection in China is a basic project. Due to the shaking of the vehicle in the train operation and the centrifugal acceleration on the curve, in the past, there was no special and reliable ultra-high measuring device in our country. The newly researched orbit ultrahigh-accuracy measuring device in our country succeeds in overcoming the influence of centrifugal acceleration by adopting the advanced uniaxial vertical platform system and the principle of invariance compensation of the platform by using a rate gyroscope, so that the circling in running through the curve The error is basically eliminated, so that the local real vertical reference can be established in the vehicle compartment, and the lateral horizontal and ultra-high altitude of the track can be accurately measured. This article discusses in more detail the composition of the measuring device, the design and analysis of the servo loop, the invariance compensation of the leveling loop and the centrifugal acceleration, the ultra-high calculation and adjustment and so on. Finally, after more than 60,000 kilometers of running tests and specialized test proofs, the reliability and accuracy of the device in practical applications are analyzed.