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目的:探讨曲马多注射液致不良反应(ADR)发生的一般规律及特点,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法:检索中国期刊全文数据库、维普数据库、万方数据库1990-2012年收录的曲马多注射液致ADR相关文献,对纳入文献的ADR相关情况进行分类、归纳、总结。结果:曲马多注射液引发的ADR以60岁以上的老年人居多,占56.52%;多在用药1h内发生,占80.43%;ADR累及机体多个器官/系统,主要为全身变态反应,占45.65%,其次为消化系统和泌尿系统反应;ADR经治疗后均好转,未见死亡病例报道。结论:临床医师、药师应重视曲马多注射液致ADR的发生,严把用药适应证,用药期间应密切观察,以免发生严重后果。
Objective: To investigate the general rules and characteristics of tramadol-induced adverse reactions (ADRs) and provide references for clinical rational drug use. Methods: The literature about ADR related to tramadol injection collected from 1990 to 2012 was searched by Chinese Journal Full-text Database, VIP database and Wanfang database, and the ADR related literature included in the literature was classified, summarized and summarized. Results: ADR induced by tramadol was predominant in the elderly over 60 years old, accounting for 56.52%, mostly occurred within 1 hour of medication, accounting for 80.43%. ADR involved multiple organs / systems of the body, mainly systemic anaphylaxis, accounting for 45.65%, followed by the digestive system and urinary system reactions; ADR improved after treatment, no deaths were reported. Conclusion: Clinicians and pharmacists should pay more attention to the occurrence of ADR induced by tramadol injection, and strictly observe the indication of drug use. During the treatment, close observation should be done to avoid serious consequences.