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目的了解某市制鞋行业接苯作业人员健康现状,确保工人的生产安全和身体健康。方法对工作场所进行职业病危害因素检测,并对接触苯、甲苯作业的职工(接触组)和不接触苯、甲苯的公务员(对照组)进行职业性健康检查和评价。结果对6家企业接触苯作业的裁断、制帮、制底、粘胶、合底、包装工进行检测,其中4家个体作坊企业粘胶工接触苯CTWA和CSTEL超过国家职业接触限值,市第二皮鞋厂裁断工、合底工接触苯CSTEL超过国家职业接触限值。接触组共有72人进行了健康检查,其中外周血白细胞降低4人(5.6%),神经衰弱综合征27人(37.5%);与对照组相比,接触组工人的外周血白细胞降低率、神经衰弱综合征的发生率差异具有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论采取安装通风排毒设施、改革工艺、加强自动化等措施,加强个人防护,对减少作业工人职业危害有显著效果。
Objective To understand the health status of workers exposed to benzene in a city’s footwear industry so as to ensure the safety of workers and their health. Methods Occupational hazards were detected in the workplace. Occupational health examinations and evaluations were conducted on workers exposed to benzene and toluene (contact group) and civil servants not exposed to benzene and toluene (control group). Results Six factories were exposed to benzene to determine the work, the system to help the bottom, viscose, together at the end of the packaging industry, testing, of which four individual workshops viscose workers exposed benzene CTWA and CSTEL exceed the national occupational exposure limits, the city The second leather shoe factory workers, workers at the base of benzene CSTEL exposure beyond the national occupational exposure limits. A total of 72 people in the contact group underwent health examination, including 4 peripheral blood leukocytes (5.6%) and 27 neurasthenic syndromes (37.5%). Compared with the control group, the peripheral blood leukopenia rate, The incidence of debilitating syndrome was significantly different (all P <0.05). Conclusion Adopting such measures as installing ventilation and detoxification facilities, reforming the process and strengthening automation to strengthen personal protection has a significant effect on reducing occupational hazards of homework workers.