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目的探讨早产儿家庭功能对早产相关因素的影响。方法选取2015年9月-2016年2月在宁夏4家医院新生儿重症监护病房(NICU)住院的早产儿母亲为研究对象。采用家庭功能评估量表和一般情况调查表对满足纳入标准的早产儿母亲进行问卷调查。发放1 000份调查问卷,回收有效问卷968份。将家庭关怀度指数问卷得分为0~6分的早产儿母亲记为家庭功能良好组(420例,占43.0%);7~10分的早产儿母亲记为家庭功能障碍组(548例,占56.6%)。结果早产儿家庭功能总分为(6.68±1.66)分,发生医源性早产839例,占86.7%,其中,发生率最高的前3位是未定期产检(43.9%)、胎膜早破(26.4%)和前置胎盘(18.0%)。家庭功能障碍组早产相关因素发生率高于家庭功能良好组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。年龄、文化程度、家庭功能影响早产相关因素的发生率(P<0.05)。结论家庭功能与早产相关因素的发生率密切相关,可通过心理支持来提高家庭适应度,从而降低早产相关因素的发生率,促进母婴健康。
Objective To investigate the effect of family function in preterm infants on the related factors of preterm birth. Methods From September 2015 to February 2016, mothers of preterm infants hospitalized in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in 4 hospitals of Ningxia were selected as the research object. A questionnaire survey of mothers of preterm infants meeting the inclusion criteria was conducted using the Family Function Assessment Scale and the General Condition Questionnaire. 1,000 questionnaires were distributed and 968 valid questionnaires were collected. The mothers of preterm infants who scored 0-6 for the family care index score were recorded as good family functioning (420 cases, 43.0%); mothers of 7-10 preterm infants were recorded as family dysfunction (548 cases, accounting for 56.6%). Results The total score of family function in preterm infants was (6.68 ± 1.66) points, and 839 cases of iatrogenic preterm birth occurred, accounting for 86.7%. Among them, the top three incidences were undetermined (43.9%), premature rupture of membranes 26.4%) and placenta previa (18.0%). The incidence of related factors of preterm birth in family dysfunction group was higher than that in family well-functioning group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Age, education, family function affect the incidence of preterm birth related factors (P <0.05). Conclusions Family function is closely related to the incidence of related factors of preterm birth. Psychological support can be used to improve family fitness, so as to reduce the incidence of preterm birth related factors and promote the health of mothers and children.