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以6年生曙光油桃为试验材料,研究40℃、45℃、50℃3个梯度高温短时间处理对桃树花芽和叶芽存活率、萌芽级数、活性氧含量及其相关酶活性的影响,探讨短时间高温处理对桃芽自然休眠解除的调控效应.结果表明:随着短时间高温处理时期的延后以及处理温度的升高和处理持续时间的延长,高温处理对桃芽自然休眠的解除作用增强.11月30日处理中,40℃处理对桃芽自然休眠的解除具有负调控效应,其萌芽级数、·OH和O2·-产生速率、H2O2含量、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性均低于对照,而超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性高于对照;45℃和50℃处理对桃芽自然休眠的解除呈正调控效应,其萌芽级数、·OH和O2·-产生速率、H2O2含量及POD、CAT活性与对照相比明显升高,而SOD活性显著降低.12月10日处理中,40℃处理对桃芽自然休眠解除的调控效应不明显,45℃和50℃处理与11月30日处理相同,但前者对桃芽自然休眠的调控效果优于后者.相关分析表明,活性氧的迅速增加可能是高温解除桃芽自然休眠的原因.
The 6-year-old Shuguang nectarine was used as experimental material to study the effects of 3 high temperature and short-time treatments of 40 ℃, 45 ℃ and 50 ℃ on the survival rate, germination number, reactive oxygen species content and related enzyme activity of peach flower buds and leaf buds, The effect of short-term high-temperature treatment on peach bud dormancy release was investigated.The results showed that with the delay of short-term high temperature treatment and the prolongation of the treatment temperature and prolongation of treatment duration, The effect of 40 ℃ treatment on the dormancy release of peach buds had a negative regulation effect on November 30. The germination rate, · OH and O2 · - production rate, H2O2 content, peroxidase (POD) and The activities of catalase (CAT) were lower than those of the control, while the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was higher than that of the control. The treatment of 45 ℃ and 50 ℃ had positive regulative effect on the release of peach buds, OH and O2 · -, the content of H2O2 and the activities of POD and CAT were significantly increased as compared with the control, while the activity of SOD was significantly decreased.The regulation effect of 40 ℃ treatment on peach bud dormancy release was not obvious on December 10 , 45 ° C and 50 ° C treatments and November 30 treatment , But the former is better than the latter on the natural dormancy of peach bud.Correlation analysis shows that the rapid increase of reactive oxygen species may be the reason that high temperature can release the natural dormancy of peach bud.