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目的对比新疆维族和汉族早发和迟发2型糖尿病(Type2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)患者并发糖尿病大血管与微血管病变(Diabetic microangiopathy,DMAP)的差异,探讨其临床特点。方法选择临床确诊的住院和门诊维族及汉族T2DM患者共150例,按照年龄、性别、民族分组,比较并发大血管病变和DMAP及生化项目的差异。结果维族和汉族间HDL-C、LDL-C、2h PG水平差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);FPG、TC、TG水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。早发组T2DM患者并发DMAP阳性率显著高于迟发组T2DM患者(χ2=4.304,P<0.05)。早发组Hb A1c、TG水平显著高于迟发组(P<0.01);早发组LDL-C水平显著低于迟发组(P<0.01)。早发组与迟发组相比FBG、2h PG、TC及LDL-C水平差异无统计学意义。性别间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论早发T2DM患者较迟发者有更严重的代谢紊乱和易并发糖尿病微血管病变的临床特点;不同民族存在较大差异。
Objective To compare the difference of diabetic macroangiopathy (DMAP) with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) between Uygur and Han nationality in Xinjiang and discuss its clinical features. Methods A total of 150 inpatients and outpatients with Uygur and Han patients with T2DM were enrolled in this study. The differences of macrovascular complications and DMAP and biochemical items were compared according to age, sex and ethnic grouping. Results The levels of HDL-C, LDL-C and 2h PG in Uygur and Hans were significantly different (P <0.05). There were no significant differences in FPG, TC and TG levels between Uygur and Han (P> 0.05). The positive rate of DMAP in early-onset T2DM patients was significantly higher than that in late-onset T2DM patients (χ2 = 4.304, P <0.05). The level of Hb A1c and TG in early onset group was significantly higher than that in late onset group (P <0.01). The LDL-C level in early onset group was significantly lower than that in late onset group (P <0.01). There were no significant differences in FBG, 2h PG, TC and LDL-C levels between early-onset group and late-onset group. There was no significant difference between the sexes (P> 0.05). Conclusions Early onset T2DM patients have more serious metabolic disorders and clinical features of diabetic microangiopathy compared with those with later onset. There are significant differences among different ethnic groups.