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一、概述压水堆核电站是当前世界上各类核电站中最成熟的类型之一,经若干代的发展与改进,已趋于大型化、系列化与标准化。在国外,一座100万千瓦级压水堆核电站的建设总工期为60个月(若包括领取执照的时间为96个月),建设进度大致如图1所示,而一座同规模火电站的工期为36—48个月。所以,核电站的施工工期比同规模火电站要多2年左右(不包括前期工作),或3—4年左右(包括前期工作)。其主要原因是核电站的设计和建造程序较为复杂,设备的移交周期长,工艺标准较高,对各项试验的要求较
I. Overview The PWR nuclear power plant is one of the most mature types of nuclear power plants in the world at present. After several generations of development and improvement, it has become large-scale, serialized and standardized. Abroad, the total construction period for a 1 MW PWR nuclear power plant will be 60 months (including 96 months for obtaining a license). The construction progress is roughly as shown in Figure 1, while the construction period of a similar-scale thermal power station 36-48 months. Therefore, the construction period of nuclear power plants is about 2 years longer than the same scale thermal power stations (excluding the previous work), or about 3-4 years (including the previous work). The main reason for this is that the design and construction procedures of nuclear power plants are complicated, the period of equipment handover is long, the technological standards are higher, and the requirements for various tests