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目的了解新婚夫妇预防出生缺陷知识的知晓程度,为针对新婚夫妇开展出生缺陷预防控制健康教育工作提供依据。方法对2011年10月-2012年10月在合肥市妇幼保健所婚前医学检查门诊进行婚前医学检查的新婚夫妇进行预防出生缺陷相关知识问卷调查,回收有效问卷1 056对,分析预防出生缺陷相关知识的影响因素。结果男性对多数预防出生缺陷知识回答的正确率高于女性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);但对常见疾病、不熟悉的病毒、保健品使用等是否对出生缺陷具有影响男女双方的知晓率均相对较低。男性预防出生缺陷知识得分高于女性,受教育程度越高得分越高,月收入水平越高得分越高,常住人口得分高于流动人口(P均<0.05)。性别和受教育程度是新婚夫妇预防出生缺陷知识水平低下的主要影响因素。结论在婚前健康教育中应进一步拓展预防出生缺陷知识的内容,加强对女性和受教育程度较低者的教育,充分发挥男性在出生缺陷预防控制中的作用。
Objective To understand the level of awareness of newlyweds in preventing birth defects and to provide basis for carrying out birth defects prevention and control health education for newlyweds. Methods A questionnaire survey on the prevention of birth defects was conducted on newly married couples who carried out premarital medical examinations at the prenuptial medical examination clinic of Hefei MCH center from October 2011 to October 2012. 1 056 valid questionnaires were recovered and the knowledge of prevention of birth defects was analyzed Influencing factors. Results The correct rate of males’ answers to most knowledge about prevention of birth defects was higher than that of females (P <0.05), but whether common diseases, unfamiliar viruses and the use of health products had an impact on birth defects Awareness rate are relatively low. Male knowledge of birth defects prevention scores higher than women, the higher the education level, the higher the score, the higher the monthly income level, the higher the score, the resident population scores higher than the floating population (P <0.05). Gender and educational attainment are the main factors that influence the low level of knowledge of newborns in preventing birth defects. Conclusion The prenatal health education should further expand the content of knowledge on birth defects prevention, strengthen the education of women and those with lower educational level, and give full play to the role of men in the prevention and control of birth defects.