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一、前 言 随着海上交通运输、海洋工程及海上石油开发事业的迅速发展,海冰的生消对海上作业带来了一定的危害;尤其在冰情特别严重的年份（1969年）曾发生了历史上罕见的特大冰封以来,为了保证国家财产和人民生命的安全,继而开展了海冰预报服务业务。目前我国海冰预报所使用的方法,主要以经验物理及数理统计预报方法为主,海冰数值预报方法正在进行研究。前两类预报方法,应用于海冰预报工作,已为国民经济服务取得了一定的效果。
I. INTRODUCTION With the rapid development of maritime transport, marine engineering and offshore oil development, the loss of sea ice has brought some harm to offshore operations, especially in the year of extremely serious ice conditions (1969) Since the rare icefall in history, in order to ensure the safety of state property and people’s lives, sea ice forecasting services have been launched. At present, the methods used in sea ice forecasting in our country are mainly based on empirical physics and mathematical statistics and forecasting methods, and numerical methods for sea ice prediction are under study. The first two types of forecasting methods, applied to sea ice forecasting work, have achieved some results for the national economy.