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本文分析经济地理外部性对城市全要素生产率影响,并对其影响方式进行估计和检验。研究发现:(1)技术效率改善而非要素投入规模提高是城市生产率增长的主要动力;(2)经济地理因素不仅对城市生产前沿产生影响,也决定了城市技术效率的空间分布特征;(3)经济地理因素对城市生产率分布存在长期影响,我国城市全要素生产率分布呈现出显著的“中心-外围”两极分化特征。本文得出转变城市经济增长方式、提高城市生产率的途径在于提高地方技术效率和技术进步水平这一结论,这也解释了一些地区在要素投入增长率相对降低的情况下仍然保持高速经济增长的原因。
This article analyzes the impact of economic geo-externalities on urban total factor productivity, and estimates and tests its impact. The results show that: (1) The improvement of technical efficiency rather than the increase of factor input is the main driving force of urban productivity growth; (2) Economic and geographical factors not only affect the frontier of urban production but also determine the spatial distribution of urban technical efficiency; ) The economic and geographical factors have a long-term impact on the distribution of urban productivity, and the distribution of total factor productivity in China shows a significant “center-periphery” polarization. This paper draws the conclusion that the way to change the mode of urban economic growth and increase urban productivity lies in raising the level of local technical efficiency and technological progress, which also explains the reason why some regions still maintain high-speed economic growth when the input growth rate is relatively low .