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近年来,由于受集约农业的影响,许多国家的小麦、水稻和其他作物都趋向于选育矮秆品种。矮秆品种在灌溉和高肥水平下较抗倒伏,籽实占总生产量的百分率较高,从而产量比高秆品种来得高。这方面的典型事例就是苏联培育的冬小麦,墨西哥培育的矮秆小麦以及国际水稻研究所培育的矮秆水稻。这些品种由于其较广泛的生态适应性,已在世界许多地区开始种植。作为农业理论基础的植物生理学就是以创造农作物的高产品种为其努力的方向。植物生理学和育种学的密切协作在国际水稻研究所获得很好的效果,使得在短时间(三年)内即培育出从未有过的丰产品种 IR—8。
In recent years, wheat, rice and other crops in many countries have tended to breed dwarf varieties due to the impact of intensive agriculture. Dwarf varieties were more resistant to lodging under high irrigation and fertilization levels, with higher percentages of total seed production, resulting in higher yields than high-stalks. Typical examples in this regard are the winter wheat cultivated in the Soviet Union, the dwarf wheat grown in Mexico and the dwarf rice cultivated by the International Rice Research Institute. These varieties have been planted in many parts of the world because of their wider ecological adaptability. Plant physiology, which is the basis of agricultural theory, is the direction of its efforts to create high-yielding varieties of crops. The close collaboration between plant physiology and breeding has yielded very good results at the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), which resulted in the breeding of the IR-8, a never-before-experienced variety within a short period of time (three years).