研究了有机肥与化肥配施对旱地红壤有机质和物理性质的影响。结果表明,虽然部分年份各处理土壤有机质含量存在某些程度的波动,但总体上随施肥年限的延长呈增加趋势;与对照处理相比,有机肥能够显著地提高土壤有机质含量。本田还田是该地区提高土壤有机质含量的最佳方法。有机肥施用均可显著地降低红壤旱地土壤容重,提高土壤孔隙度;但不同的种类之间存在一定差异,即秸秆和本田还田的效果优于厩肥和绿肥的。与化肥处理相比,施用有机肥显著地促进了土壤中>1mm和1～0.5mm水稳性团聚体的形成,厩肥和绿肥处理中>1mm水稳性团聚体含量也显著高于秸秆及本田还田处理的。各种有机肥之间及其与对照相比0.5～0.25mm水稳性团聚体含量都存在不同程度的差异。有机肥的施用不仅显著地提高了0.25～0.05mm微团聚体含量,而且显著地降低了0.05～0.002mm微团聚体含量。除本田还田处理外,其它处理的<0.002mm微团聚体含量与对照相比差异显著。 The effects of organic and chemical fertilizers on the organic matter and physical properties of red soil in dry land were studied. The results showed that although organic matter content fluctuated to some extent in some years, the organic matter content tended to increase with the extension of fertilization years. Compared with the control, organic manure could significantly increase the content of soil organic matter. Honda to the field is the best way to improve soil organic matter content in the area. Organic manure application could significantly reduce the soil bulk density of red soil dryland and increase the soil porosity; however, there were some differences among different species, that is, straw and Honda were better than manure and green manure. Compared with the chemical fertilizer treatment, the application of organic manure significantly promoted the formation of> 1mm and 1 ~ 0.5mm water-stable aggregates in soil. The content of> 1mm water stable aggregates in manure and green manure was also significantly higher than that of straw and Honda Back to field processing. The content of water-stable aggregates of 0.5 ~ 0.25mm between the various organic manures and their comparison with the control all have different degrees of difference. The application of organic fertilizer not only significantly increased the microaggregate content of 0.25-0.05 mm, but also significantly reduced microaggregate content of 0.05-0.002 mm. In addition to the field Honda treatment, other treatments <0.002mm microaggregate content compared with the control significant difference.