论文部分内容阅读
我们在分析工作中常常会遇到一种情况,就是要测定非常微量的某种物质,例如要测定水中合最极微的铜,纯硫酸中含量不超过万分之一的氯和铁,工业用纯金属中所含千分之一的杂质,以及在生物化学中要测定各种液体(如血液),在药物分析中要测定某些制剂的微量成分(如阿片制剂中的微量吗啡)等。对于这些微量的物质,如果用普通分析法如容量分析和重量分析来测定,实际上是不可能的。因此要用特别的分析方法。比色分析法就是其中的一种。进行比色分析所用的仪器,就叫做比色计。比色分析法就是在要测定的溶液中,加入一种药品使产生一种颜色,另外用同量的药品加入已知浓度的标准液中,也产生相同的颜色,但两种溶液的颜色深浅度可能是不同的,此较这两种溶液颜色的深浅
We often encounter a situation in the analysis work, that is, to measure a very small amount of a certain substance, for example, to determine the minimum amount of copper in hydration, the content of chlorine and iron in pure sulfuric acid is not more than 10,000, industrial Use one-thousandth of impurities contained in pure metals, and in biochemistry, determine various liquids (such as blood), and determine the trace constituents of certain preparations (such as morphine in opiates) in drug analysis. . It is practically impossible for these trace amounts of substances to be determined by ordinary analytical methods such as volume analysis and gravimetric analysis. Therefore, special analysis methods should be used. Colorimetric analysis is one of them. The instrument used for colorimetric analysis is called a colorimeter. Colorimetric analysis is to add a drug to produce a color in the solution to be measured. In addition, the same amount of drug is added to the known concentration of the standard solution to produce the same color, but the color depth of the two solutions is different. The degree may be different, this is more than the color of the two solutions