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目的 探讨外周血T细胞亚群和血清免疫球蛋白的改变在儿童支气管哮喘发病中的作用。方法应用酶联免疫吸附试验 ,SPA直接花环法及单向免疫扩散法对 30例支气管哮喘患儿和 2 0例健康对照小儿的外周血T细胞亚群和血清免疫球蛋白进行测定。结果 对照组CD3 + ,CD4 + 和CD8+ 的百分值分别为 72 .38± 8.19% ,45 .48± 4.2 7% ,31.2 9± 4.0 2 % ,CD4 + /CD8+ 比值为 1.2 8± 0 .2 3。哮喘患儿外周血CD3 + (37.15± 7.16 % )和CD8+(2 6 .5 6± 2 .18% )细胞数明显低于对照组 (P <0 .0 1) ,CD4 + (46 .10± 4.5 2 % )细胞数略高于对照组 ,差异无显著性(P >0 .0 5 ) ,CD4 + /CD8+ (1.5 1± 0 .44 )比值则显著高于对照组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,对照组IgG ,IgA ,IgM ,IgE分别为10 .6 7± 2 .5 3g/L ,1.18± 0 .6 9g/L ,1.6 0± 0 .5 4g/L ,178± 30IU ;哮喘患儿血清IgE(386± 15 4IU)明显增高 (P <0 .0 1) ,IgM(1.2 9± 0 .41% ) ,IgG(9.35± 2 .2 6 g/L)则显著低于对照组 (P <0 .0 1,P <0 .0 5 ) ,IgA(1.34± 0 .76 g/L)两组差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论 哮喘患儿存在血清免疫球蛋白改变 ;T抑制细胞数量和 (或 )功能不足可能是导致免疫球蛋白改变的主要机制。
Objective To investigate the role of peripheral T cell subsets and serum immunoglobulin in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma in children. Methods The T lymphocyte subsets and serum immunoglobulin in peripheral blood of 30 children with bronchial asthma and 20 healthy children were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, direct spline method and unidirectional immunodiffusion method. Results The percentages of CD3 +, CD4 + and CD8 + in the control group were 72.38 ± 8.19%, 45.48 ± 4.2 7% and 31.2 9 ± 4.0 2% respectively, and the ratio of CD4 + / CD8 + was 1.2 8 ± 0.2 3. The number of CD3 + (37.15 ± 7.16%) and CD8 + (26.56 ± 2.18%) in asthmatic children was significantly lower than that in control group (P0.01), CD4 + (46.10 ± 4.5 2%) was slightly higher than that in the control group (P0.05), and the ratio of CD4 + / CD8 + (1.5 1 ± 0.44) was significantly higher than that in the control group (P0.01 5). The levels of IgG, IgA, IgM and IgE in the control group were respectively 10.67 ± 2.53g / L, 1.18 ± 0.69g / L, 1.6 ± 0.45g / L, 178 ± 30IU; Serum levels of IgE (386 ± 15 4IU) were significantly higher in children (P <0.01), IgM (1.2 9 ± 0.41%) and IgG (9.35 ± 2.26 g / L) (P <0.01, P <0.05), IgA (1.34 ± 0.76 g / L), there was no significant difference between the two groups (P> 0.05). Conclusions Serum immunoglobulin changes exist in children with asthma. The number of T-suppressor cells and / or insufficient function may be the main mechanism leading to the change of immunoglobulin.