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目的通过观察皖北疟疾防治试点不同传染源控制措施的效果,探索适用于该类地区的更加可行、有效的疟疾传染源控制对策。方法以皖北的涡阳县、颍上县和固镇县为试点,根据当地疟疾发病情况、自然村的病例和水体分布情况,每组5个自然村,共选取3组试点村,于2007年分别采取现症病人治疗(对策1组)、现症病人治疗加区域全民休止期治疗(对策2组)、现症病人治疗加全民休止期治疗(对策3组)3种传染源控制对策,评价防治效果。结果2007年对策1组现症病人治疗率为100%;对策2组和对策3组现症病人治疗率分别为96.55%和81.25%,休止期治疗全程服药率分别为99.10%和78.67%,休止期治疗全人群覆盖率分别为17.25%和40.23%。2007年3组疟疾发病率分别较2006年下降41.67%(χ2=1.32,P>0.05)、19.44%(χ2=0.77,P>0.05)和60.00%(χ2=10.50,P<0.01)。结论在皖北疟区,采取单纯现症病人治疗或现症病人治疗+区域全民休止期治疗措施无显著效果。在未分清休止期治疗对象的情况下,采取现症病人治疗措施并提高休止期治疗的人群覆盖率是当地行之有效的传染源控制策略。
Objective To observe the effect of control measures of different sources of infectious agents in malaria prevention and control trials in northern Anhui Province and explore more feasible and effective malaria control measures for malaria in this area. Methods Taking Guoyang County, Yingshang County and Guzhen County in northern Anhui as experimental sites, three pilot villages were selected according to the local incidence of malaria, the cases of natural villages and the distribution of water bodies in each of the five natural villages. In 2007, To take the current treatment of patients (1 group), the disease is treated with the treatment of patients in the area of all the rest of the treatment (2 groups), the current treatment of patients with universal treatment of the rest of the treatment (3 groups) control measures of three sources of infection, evaluation of prevention and treatment effect. Results The treatment rate of patients with disease in group 1 was 100% in 2007 and that in group 2 and group 3 was 96.55% and 81.25%, respectively. The rate of taking drugs during the rest period was 99.10% and 78.67% respectively, Treatment coverage of the whole population were 17.25% and 40.23%. The incidence of malaria in the three groups in 2007 was 41.67% (χ2 = 1.32, P> 0.05), 19.44% (χ2 = 0.77, P> 0.05) and 60.00% (χ2 = 10.50, P <0.01) Conclusion In the malaria endemic areas of northern Anhui Province, there was no significant effect in the treatment of patients with simple disease or the treatment of patients with current disease + the treatment of patients with complete remission in the area. In the absence of the object of termination of treatment in the case of patients, to take current treatment of patients and improve the rest of the treatment of the crowd coverage is a proven source of infection control strategy.