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目的对实验动物型肾综合征出血热疫情进行流行病学调查和病毒学研究,掌握流行特点、疫源范围并控制疫情。方法收集相关流行病学资料,采集大白鼠血清、肺脏组织和接触人群血清标本,用反向被动血凝抑制(RPH I)和间接免疫荧光试验(IFA)检测汉坦病毒抗体或抗原,用RT-PCR法对阳性鼠肺进行汉坦病毒分型。结果2003年5~6月,云南省3个单位的实验动物大白鼠群中发生汉坦病毒流行并导致1人发病,接触人群的平均隐性感染率为20%(15/75);用RPH I和IFA法检测大白鼠血清,汉坦病毒总抗体和IgG抗体阳性率分别为45.99%(63/137)和37.27%(41/110),抗体滴度在1∶20~1∶1 280之间,两种方法检测结果无显著性差异(χ2=1.33,P>0.05);两个疫点单位的大白鼠肺脏组织中汉坦病毒抗原阳性率分别为56.25%(9/16)和35.00%(7/20);用RT-PCR对病毒抗原阳性的大白鼠肺组织进行汉坦病毒分型,证实为汉城型病毒感染。对调查确定的疫点鼠群及饲养场所进行了疫源处理,彻底消灭了传染源,扑灭了疫情。结论本次实验动物型肾综合征出血热流行属汉城型汉坦病毒引起,主要发生在W istar大白鼠鼠群。大白鼠对汉坦病毒高度易感,具有较高的感染率并能产生高滴度的抗体。
Objective To investigate the epidemiological and virological studies of hemorrhagic fever with experimental animal model of renal syndrome (HFRS), and to grasp the epidemiological characteristics, the scope of epidemic and control the epidemic. Methods The relevant epidemiological data were collected and the serum samples from the serum, lung tissues and contact groups were collected. The anti-Hantaan virus antibody or antigen was detected by reverse passive hemagglutination inhibition (IFH I) and indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) -PCR method for positive rat lung Hantaan virus typing. Results From May to June 2003, the Hantavirus epidemic occurred in three groups of experimental animals in Yunnan Province and led to one person’s onset. The average latent infection rate in contact with the population was 20% (15/75). Using RPH The positive rates of serum, Hantavirus and IgG antibodies in I and IFA were 45.99% (63/137) and 37.27% (41/110), respectively. The antibody titers ranged from 1:20 to 1:1 280 There was no significant difference between the two methods (χ2 = 1.33, P> 0.05). The positive rates of Hantavirus in the lungs of the two epidemic units were 56.25% (9/16) and 35.00% (7/20). The Hantaan virus was identified by RT-PCR in hamster lungs of mice positive for virus antigen and confirmed as Seoul virus infection. The flocks and breeding places identified in the investigation were focally treated, the sources of infection were completely eliminated and the outbreak was extinguished. Conclusions The epidemic of haemorrhagic fever with experimental animal model of renal syndrome is caused by han hantavirus in Han dynasty. It mainly occurs in W rats. Rats are highly susceptible to Hantavirus, have a high infection rate and produce high titers of antibodies.