“第二次技术革命”时期,资本主义社会发生了重大变化,晚年恩格斯及时对资本主义的新认识进行了探索研究并作出了新的论断。与时俱进是马克思主义宝贵的理论品质。与马克思、恩格斯所处时代相比,当今世界已经发生了翻天覆地的变化。观察和分析当今世界各国无产阶级基本情况,推进当代世界社会主义运动,推进中国特色社会主义建设,都需要更好地秉承、运用恩格斯与时俱进的方式,这对我国的社会主义现代化建设具有深远的现实指导意义。因此,重新解读和研究恩格斯晚年思想变化,有着重要的理论和现实意义。 In the period of “the second technological revolution,” great changes have taken place in capitalist society. In his later years, Engels made timely exploration and study on the new understanding of capitalism and made a new conclusion. Keeping pace with the times is a valuable theoretical quality of Marxism. Compared with the times of Marx and Engels, the world has undergone tremendous changes. To observe and analyze the basic situation of the proletariat in various countries of the world today, to promote the socialist movement in the contemporary world and to promote the building of socialism with Chinese characteristics, we all need to better adopt and utilize the Engels’ approach of advancing with the times. This will have the following benefits to our socialist modernization: Far-reaching practical significance. Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to re-interpret and study Engels’s thought changes in his later years.