Objective:The aim of the study was to investigate the efficacy of three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) combined with Temozolomide (TMZ) concurrent chemotherapy in treatment of postoperative cerebral gliomas by prospective randomized controlled trials. Methods: Sixty-two patients with cerebral glioma who had residual tumor were divided into 3D-CRT group (radiotherapy group, n=31) and 3D-CRT with concurrent chemotherapy group (chemoradiotherapy group, n=31) prospectively. All patients received a dose of 50-60 Gy/25-30 F/5-6 weeks by 6 MV-X ray, three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy, 1 f/d, 5 times a week. Chemotherapy regimen was Temozolomide:75 mg/m2/d, concomitantly with radiotherapy, followed by 150-200 mg/m2/d, 5 days, 28 days per cycle, totally 3-6 cycles. Results: The total response rate was 35.3% (11/31) in radiotherapy group. The response rate was 61.3% (19/31) in chemoradiotherapy group. There was significant difference in curative effect (P=0.042). There was no significant difference in survival comparison of two groups (P=0.263). Stratified analysis showed the patients with grade Ⅲ gliomas of chemoradiotherapy group had better prognosis than ones of radiotherapy group (P=0.043). Conclusion: The 3D-CRT with concurrent chemotherapy can improve the survival of cerebral gliomas with pathological grade Ⅲ. Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the efficacy of three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) combined with Temozolomide (TMZ) concurrent chemotherapy in treatment of postoperative cerebral gliomas by prospective randomized controlled trials. Methods: Sixty-two patients with All patients received a dose of 50-60 Gy / ml for all glioma who had residual tumor were divided into 3D-CRT group (radiotherapy group, n = 31) and 3D-CRT with concurrent chemotherapy group (chemoradiotherapy group, n = 31) 25-30 F / 5-6 weeks by 6 MV-X ray, three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy, 1 f / d, 5 times a week. Chemotherapy regimen was Temozolomide: 75 mg / m2 / d, concomitantly with radiotherapy, followed by Results: The total response rate was 35.3% (11/31) in radiotherapy group. The response rate was 61.3% (19 / 31) in chemoradiotherapy group. There was significant difference in curative effect (P = 0.042). There was no Significant difference in survival comparison of two groups (P = 0.263). Stratified analysis showed the patients with grade III gliomas of chemoradiotherapy group had better prognosis than ones of radiotherapy group (P = 0.043). Conclusion: The 3D-CRT with concurrent chemotherapy can improve the survival of cerebral gliomas with pathological grade Ⅲ.