对 13 2例新生儿硬肿症的临床资料进行回顾性研究 ,探讨其病因、临床特征及治疗。结果表明 ,新生儿硬肿症的病因以窒息和感染最常见 ,多发生在生后 1周内 (94 7% ) ,3d内发病多与窒息有关 ,4～ 7d发病多与感染有关 ;重症新生儿硬肿症常合并多脏器功能损害 ,肺出血、弥漫性血管内凝血 (DIC)为最常见死因 ,多巴胺、多巴酚丁胺治疗能明显改善症状。围产期保健是减少新生儿硬肿症发生的关键。 The clinical data of 13 2 neonates with sclerema were retrospectively studied to investigate the etiology, clinical features and treatment. The results showed that the etiology of neonatal sclerodema was the most common asphyxia and infection, occurring mostly within 1 week after birth (94.7%). The incidence of asphyxia was related to the incidence of asphyxia in 4 days, and the incidence was mostly associated with infection in 4 ~ 7 days. Pediatric edema often associated with multiple organ dysfunction, pulmonary hemorrhage, diffuse intravascular coagulation (DIC) is the most common cause of death, dopamine, dobutamine treatment can significantly improve the symptoms. Perinatal care is the key to reducing the incidence of neonatal sclerema.