本文叙述了知识经济的历史背景；指出了知识经济与农业经济、工业经济的差别在于脑力劳动有了工具；探讨了知识霸权主义的内容和形态；提出了值得关注的某些问题。本文最后指出知识经济给我国带来的机遇和挑战，属于浅层次上的应由企业承担，属于深层次上的应由国家解决；强调我国应走本国的道路，从根本上抓好微电子技术 This paper describes the historical background of knowledge economy. It points out that the difference between knowledge economy and agricultural economy and industrial economy lies in the tools of mental work; the content and form of knowledge hegemony; and some issues worthy of attention. At the end, this article points out that the opportunities and challenges brought by the knowledge-based economy to our country belong to the shallow level and should be borne by the enterprises, which should be resolved by the state at a deeper level. We must emphasize that our country should take the road to our country and fundamentally do a good job in microelectronics technology