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通过盆栽试验,研究早期施氮对马铃薯苗期生长、抗旱生理指标变化以及产量的影响。研究结果表明:1)高氮处理(1.68g/L)提高了干旱胁迫下马铃薯根与全株干重比及叶与全株干重比,缓解了干旱胁迫对株高的抑制;2)高氮使干旱胁迫下马铃薯叶片游离脯氨酸含量、SOD活性显著提高,抑制了干旱胁迫下丙二醛含量的升高,与低氮处理相比,高氮的重度和中度干旱胁迫处理MDA含量较正常水分增加幅度最小,分别增加了14.2%和9.9%。高氮还提高了干旱胁迫下马铃薯根系活力,较正常水分增幅最大,达到116.7%、60.8%;3)高氮的各干旱水平处理下马铃薯产量均显著高于其它氮处理。由此说明,早期增施氮肥可减轻干旱胁迫对马铃薯生长发育与生理特性的不良影响,从而提高马铃薯苗期的抗旱能力,为高产和稳产奠定基础。
Pot experiments were conducted to study the effects of early nitrogen application on the growth of potato seedlings, changes of drought resistance physiological indexes and yield. The results showed that: 1) high nitrogen treatment (1.68g / L) increased the dry weight ratio of roots to whole plants under drought stress and the dry weight ratio of leaves to whole plants, relieved the inhibition of plant height by drought stress; 2) Under nitrogen stress, free proline content and SOD activity were significantly increased in potato leaves under drought stress, which inhibited the increase of malondialdehyde (MDA) content under drought stress. Compared with the low nitrogen treatment, the MDA content Compared with normal moisture, the minimum increase was 14.2% and 9.9% respectively. High nitrogen also increased the root vigor of potato under drought stress, which was 116.7% and 60.8% higher than that of normal water. 3) The yield of potato under all drought levels with high nitrogen was significantly higher than those under other nitrogen treatments. Thus, the early application of nitrogen fertilizer can reduce the adverse effects of drought stress on the growth and physiological characteristics of potato, thereby increasing the drought resistance of potato seedling stage, laying the foundation for high yield and stable yield.