目的分析和评价四川省“5.12”汶川地震灾区群体性预防接种的效果。方法采用描述流行病学方法,对灾区县和非灾区县的疾病发病资料进行分析,比较甲肝、乙脑、流感和流脑4种疾病报告发病的变化情况。结果开展群体性预防接种工作后,灾区县平均发病率甲肝为2.617/10万~2.914/10万、乙脑为0.058/10万~0.083/10万、流脑为0.00/10万~0.005/10万和流感为1.36/10万;非灾区县平均发病率甲肝为4.201/10万~4.527/10万、乙脑为0.471/10万~0.531/10万、流脑为0.018/10万~0.020/10万和流感为12.579/10万。疾病发病率灾区县接种后较接种前甲肝下降55%~78%,乙脑下降53%~70%,流脑下降86%~100%,流感上升224.58%;非灾区县接种后较接种前甲肝下降30%~51%,乙脑下降46%~58%,流脑下降32%~86%,流感上升501.31%。疾病发病率下降幅度灾区县较非灾区县明显。结论开展群体性预防接种工作后,甲肝、乙脑、流脑和流感的发病率灾区县均低于非灾区县;灾区县自身发病率的变化除流感在接种后1年上升外,甲肝、乙脑和流脑的年平均发病率在接种后均呈现下降趋势;且灾区县疾病下降幅度普遍较非灾区县更明显。由此可见,本次在汶川地震灾区开展的甲肝、乙脑、流脑和流感4种疫苗的群体性预防接种是成功的,对今后地震灾区卫生防疫工作将起到很好的借鉴作用。 Objective To analyze and evaluate the effect of mass vaccination in the affected areas of “5.12 ” Wenchuan Earthquake in Sichuan Province. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the disease incidence data in the affected counties and non-disaster-affected counties. The changes of the reported incidence of hepatitis A, JE, influenza and meningococcal meningitis were compared. Results After the population vaccination was carried out, the average incidence of hepatitis A in the disaster-hit counties was 2.617 / 100,000 to 2.914 / 100,000 and the incidence of Japanese encephalitis was 0.058 / 100,000 to 0.083 / 100,000. The meningitis was 0.00 / 100,000 to 0.005 / 10 The average incidence of flu and flu was 1.36 / lakh. The average incidence of hepatitis A in non-disaster areas was 4.201 / lakh to 4.527 / lakh, while that of JE was 0.471 / lakh to 0.531 / lakh and that of meningitis was 0.018 / lakh to 0.020 / 100,000 and flu was 12.579 / 100,000. Prevalence of disease incidence in post-vaccination counties inoculated than before inoculation decreased hepatitis A 55% to 78%, JE decreased 53% to 70%, meningitis decreased 86% to 100%, influenza increased 224.58%; Decreased by 30% -51%, decreased by 46% -58% in JE, decreased by 32% -86% in meningitis, and increased by 501.31% in influenza. Decreased incidence of disease disaster-hit counties than non-disaster counties significantly. Conclusions After the population vaccination work, the incidences of hepatitis A, JE, meningitis and influenza are all lower in counties than in non-disaster counties. In addition, the incidence of hepatitis A, The annual mean incidence of brain and meningitis showed a downward trend after inoculation; and the incidence of disease in disaster-stricken counties was generally more significant than that in non-affected areas. Therefore, we can see that this group vaccination of hepatitis A, JE, meningitis and influenza was successful in this quake-hit area of ​​Wenchuan and would be a good reference for future health and epidemic prevention work in earthquake-stricken areas.