在中非合作过程中是否存在着技术转移?中国的技术转移是否有利于非洲发展?这两个问题在国际学术界存在争论。本文对坦赞铁路、华为集团和中国建筑集团属下的路桥公司的实践进行了探讨,认为虽然中国对技术转移有各种不同的表述,在中非合作中确实存在着技术转移。在修建坦赞铁路期间,技术转移有三种方式:在中国培训、在坦桑尼亚和赞比亚建立培训学校和现场培训,组织和协调者是中国政府,技术转移与政府援助项目相关,其本身被视为政治任务。随着中国战略重点转向经济建设,技术转移的维度、规模和深度发生变化。中国继续培养非洲青年人才,因为人才是技术转移成功的关键。蒙内铁路的技术转移包括三个阶段:铁路建设培训、铁路管理培训和建立铁路技术教育体系。企业进行技术转移既与企业社会责任有关,也是开拓非洲市场的策略,同时为非洲工业化做贡献。随着非洲工业化的发展,更高级的技术转移应逐步推进。 Is there any technology transfer in the process of China-Africa cooperation and is China’s technology transfer conducive to the development of Africa? These two issues are debated in the international academic community. This article explores the practice of Tanzan Railway, Huawei Group and Luqiao Corporation under China State Construction Group, and holds that although China has variously expressed different opinions on technology transfer, there is indeed a transfer of technology in the cooperation between China and Africa. There are three ways to transfer technology during the construction of the Tanzania-Zambia Railway: training in China, training schools in Tanzania and Zambia, on-site training organized and coordinated by the Chinese government, technology transfer and government aid projects, which themselves are considered as political task. As China’s strategic focus shifts to economic construction, the dimensions, scale and depth of technology transfer change. China continues to cultivate young talents in Africa because talent is the key to the success of technology transfer. The technology transfer of the Inner Mongolia Railway consists of three stages: railway construction training, railway management training and the establishment of railway technical education system. The technology transfer of enterprises is not only related to corporate social responsibility, but also the strategy of opening up the African market. At the same time, it contributes to the industrialization in Africa. With the development of Africa’s industrialization, more advanced technology transfer should be gradually promoted.