目的探究云南省玉溪市2006-2011年新报告HIV-1感染者中新近感染比例及其影响因素。方法对玉溪市2006-2011年新报告HIV-1阳性的血清采用微量Hl V-1抗体明胶颗粒凝聚法(ML-PA)方法检测以确定新近感染者,并分析相关的影响因素。结果 2006-2011年玉溪市累计新报告HIV感染者2 018例,其中64例(3.17%)为新近感染者,各年新近感染比例依次为6.91%,1.90%,2.83%,2.66%,2.40%和3.48%。Logistic多因素回归分析显示,在控制了各变量间的混杂作用影响后,女性新近感染者高于男性,16~35岁青壮年高于其他年龄组,未婚及同居者高于已婚者,大专及以上文化程度高于其他文化程度,娱乐场所服务人员及驾驶员高于其他职业,男男同性性传播新近感染比例较高。结论 2006-2011年云南省玉溪市新报告HIV-1感染者中新近感染比例保持较低水平,新近感染被多种因素影响。 Objective To explore the recent infection rate and its influential factors among newly reported HIV-1 infected persons in Yuxi City, Yunnan Province from 2006 to 2011. Methods The newly reported HIV-1 positive sera from 2006 to 2011 in Yuxi City were detected by using ML-PA method with a small amount of Hl V-1 antibody to determine the newly infected persons and to analyze the related factors. Results A total of 2 018 cases of HIV infection were reported in Yuxi City from 2006 to 2011, of which 64 cases (3.17%) were newly infected. The rates of recent infections in each year were 6.91%, 1.90%, 2.83%, 2.66% and 2.40% And 3.48%. Logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that after controlling for the influence of confounding among variables, newly infected women were higher than males, young males aged 16-35 were higher than other age groups, unmarried and cohabitants were higher than married ones, college And those with a higher level of education than those with other education levels, those in entertainment venues and drivers who are more likely than other professions to have a higher prevalence of homosexual transmission. Conclusions The newly reported HIV-1 infection in Yuxi City, Yunnan Province, between 2006 and 2011, remains at a relatively low level. Recent infections are affected by many factors.