血管周围间隙又称为V-R间隙,是血管周围的淋巴间隙,是中枢神经系统的正常结构,具有一定生理和免疫作用。血管周围间隙与血管伴行,在MRI各个成像序列上与脑脊液信号一致。血管周围间隙扩大见于腔隙性脑梗死、脑积水、中枢神经系统隐球菌感染、高血压、脑白质疏松症、黏多糖症、帕金森病、多发性硬化、儿童癫痫、儿童脑发育性疾病等。本文就血管周围间隙扩大及其相关的神经系统疾病作一综述。 Perivascular space, also known as V-R gap, is the lymphatic space around the blood vessels, is the normal structure of the central nervous system, with some physiological and immunological effects. Perivascular space is associated with blood vessels and is consistent with cerebrospinal fluid signals on each imaging sequence of MRI. Perivascular gap expansion seen in lacunar infarction, hydrocephalus, cryptococcosis of the central nervous system, hypertension, leukoaraiosis, mucopolysaccharidosis, Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, childhood epilepsy, childhood brain developmental disease Wait. This article reviews the expansion of the perivascular space and its associated neurological diseases.