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目的:建立石家庄地区已知HLA-I(A、B位点)、HPA基因型别机采血小板捐献者基因资料数据库,探讨石家庄地区血小板捐献者HLA-I(A、B位点)和HPA-1～17系统基因多态性分布特点.方法:采用聚合酶链反应-序列特异引物(PCR-SSP)方法石家庄地区937例无血缘关系的血小板捐献者血液样本进行HLA-I类基因A、B位点、HPA-1～17系统基因分型,计算基因频率和基因型频率.结果:937例无血缘关系的血小板捐献者共检出HLA-A位点抗原特异性18种,其中等位基因频率较高(＞0.05)的特异性依次有A2(0.374 1)、A11(0.166 5)、A24(0.160 7)、A30(0.074 9)、A33(0.065 1)、A1(0.058 2)、A3(0.054 9);检出HLA-B位点抗原特异性40种,频率大于0.05的有8个,依次为B13(0.140 6)、B46(0.077 7)、B61 (0.074 9)、B51 (0.074 9)、B62(0.068 0)、B35(0.059 9〉、B60(0.056 5)、B44(0.050 3),HLA-A-B单体型频率最高的为A2-B13(0.045 9),其次为A2-B46(0.029 9);河北地区汉族人群HPA基因HPA-7～14、HPA-16、HPA-17均为aa纯合子,未检出b等位基因.HPA-1～6、15中杂合度最高的为HPA-15,不配合率为37.45％;其次为HPA-3,不配合率为36.64％;然后为HPA-2,不配合率为6.84％;在HPA-1～6和15中,HPA-4的杂合度最低,不配合率仅为0.22％.结论:初步建立了石家庄地区本地化HLA-A-B和HPA-1～17基因分型库,并进行了基因频率和单体型频率统计,该基因资料库可为患者提供HLA和HPA相容或相合的血小板,减少血小板输注无效的发生.“,”Objective:To establish platelet donor registry with known HLA-I(A,B locus)and HPA typings in Shijiazhuang Area,and to investigate the distribution characteristics of HLA-platelet donor registry with known HLA-I(A,B locus)and HPA-1-17 polymorphisms in platelet donors. Method: A total of 937 unrelated platelet donors in Shijiazhuang were genotyped by HLA-I gene A,B locus and HPA-1-17 system by PCR-SSP method,and gene frequency and genotype frequency were calculated. Result: A total of 18 HLA-A specific antigens were detected in 937 unrelated platelet donors. The phenotypic specificity of the higher allele frequencies(greater than 0.05) was as follows :A2(0.374 1), A11 (0.166 5),A24(0.160 7),A30(0.074 9),A33(0.065 1), A1(0.058 2),A3(0.054 9);In 937 unrelated platelet donors were detected 40 HLA-B specific antigenic sites,There were 8 antigens with a frequency greater than 0.05, there were B13(0.140 6),B46(0.077 7),B61(0.074 9),B51(0.074 9),B62(0.068 0),B35(0.059 9),and B60(0.056 5),B44(0.050 3);The highest frequency of haplotypes of HLA-A-B antigens was A2-B13(0.045 9), followed by A2-B46(0.029 9);In 937 unrelated platelet donors HPA-7-14, HPA-16 and HPA-17 were all homozygous for aa and no b allele was detected. HPA-15 had the highest degree of heterozygosity in HPA-1-6 and 15,and the mismatch rate was 37.45 ％; followed by HPA-3,the mismatch rate was 36.64％;then HPA-2,the mismatch rate was 6.84％. Among HPA-1-6 and 15, HPA-4 had the lowest heterozygosity, and the mismatch rate was only 0.22％. Conclusion: The localized HLA-A-B and HPA-1-17 genotyping libraries were initially established in Shijiazhuang,and the frequency of gene frequencies and haplotype frequencies were calculated. This gene database can provides patients with HLA and HPA compatible platelets and reduce the incidence of platelet transfusion refractoriness.