云南鼠疫流行历史较久,家、野两型疫源地并存,疫区范围广,5O年代全省鼠疫得到基本控制。但是从1973年起,全省先后有46个县(市)发生动物鼠疫流行,其中22个县(市)涉及到人间,共发生 鼠疫患者273例。面对云南鼠疫疫情发展的严峻态势,从1985年开始本省应用高度敏感和特异的RIP进行鼠疫监测和查源,现将1985～1998年RIP应用结果报道如下。 The epidemic history of the plague in Yunnan Province was relatively long, and the two types of familial and wild foci coexisted. The epidemic area was wide and the plague in the province was basically controlled in the 1950s. However, animal epidemics have occurred in 46 counties (cities) in the province since 1973, with 273 cases involving plague in 22 counties (cities). Faced with the grim situation of the plague epidemic in Yunnan Province, from 1985, the province has applied highly sensitive and specific RIPs for plague surveillance and source search. The results of RIP application from 1985 to 1998 are reported as follows.