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脑转移瘤(BM)的生长需要适宜的微环境,而正常脑微环境的改变是MR探查BM的基础。利用局部磁场的变化,外加对比剂人为提高组织的差异,MR可准确发现脑转移瘤发生的部位、大小、数目和形态,而MR增强检查是诊断脑转移瘤的首选方法。各种MR新成像技术、扫描序列以及新型细胞内对比剂的应用,不仅可以进一步提高瘤灶检出率,还可提高敏感性,有利于制定合理的治疗方案,延长生存期。本文综述脑转移瘤的微环境、磁共振成像新技术方面的研究进展。
The growth of brain metastases (BM) requires a suitable microenvironment, and changes in the normal brain microenvironment are the basis for MR exploration of BM. Using the changes of local magnetic field and external contrast agent to artificially increase the difference of tissue, MR can accurately detect the location, size, number and shape of brain metastases, and MR enhanced examination is the preferred method of diagnosis of brain metastases. A variety of new MR imaging techniques, scanning sequences and the use of novel intracellular contrast agents not only further improve the detection rate of tumor focus, but also improve the sensitivity, which is conducive to developing a reasonable treatment plan and prolonging the survival period. This review summarizes the advances in the microenvironment of brain metastases and new magnetic resonance imaging techniques.