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目的:研究补充蒺藜提取物对过度训练大鼠免疫功能的影响及其可能机制。方法:30只雄性健康SD大鼠随机分为安静对照组、过度训练组和蒺藜+过度训练组。后两组进行6周递增负荷跑台运动(每周训练6天,从第1周的15 m/min×30 min,坡度5%逐渐增至第6周的35 m/min×120 min,坡度15%)。蒺藜+过度训练组每日运动前灌胃蒺藜提取物(120 mg/kg体重)1次,每周6次,其余两组补充等体积生理盐水。于第7周周一检测外周血T细胞亚群(CD3+、CD4+、CD8+)、辅助性T细胞(Th)1、Th2细胞因子IFN-、IL-4,自然杀伤细胞(NK)、自然杀伤T细胞(NKT)及皮质酮(C)、睾酮(T)等免疫和内分泌指标。结果:①与对照组相比,过度训练组大鼠体重、T/C比值均显著下降,在运动后期反应迟钝,精神萎靡,眼神暗淡,毛发脱落等,CD3+T细胞和NK细胞数量显著降低。②与过度训练组相比,蒺藜+过度训练组大鼠外周血T水平、T/C比值、CD4+/CD8+比值均显著升高,但CD3+T细胞数量无明显;NK和NKT细胞显著增加,超过安静对照组水平。③与安静对照组相比,过度训练组大鼠IFN-(Th1细胞的特异性细胞因子)/IL-4(Th2细胞的特异性细胞因子)比值显著下降,其Th1/Th2失衡,向Th2偏移。与过度训练组相比,蒺藜+过度训练组大鼠IFN-/IL-4比值显著增加,其Th1/Th2失衡情况改善,平衡恢复。④蒺藜+过度训练组大鼠血浆C水平显著降低,约是过度训练组的50%。结论:补充蒺藜提取物能增强过度训练大鼠免疫功能,防止运动性免疫抑制的发生,包括增加CD4+/CD8+比值、促进Th1/Th2平衡的恢复、增加NK和NKT细胞数量。蒺藜提取物增强过度训练大鼠免疫功能的作用很可能与其降低血浆皮质酮有关。
Objective: To study the effect of tribulus terrestris extract on immune function in over-trained rats and its possible mechanism. Methods: Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: control group, over-training group and tribulus terrestris-over-training group. The latter two groups were subjected to 6-week incremental load running treadmill exercise (6 days training per week, gradually increasing from 15 m / min × 30 min in the first week to 5 m / min × 120 min in the 6th week, gradient 15%). Tribulus terrestris + over-training group were given intragastric administration of Tribulus terrestris extract (120 mg / kg body weight) once a day, 6 times a week, and the other two groups were given equal volume of normal saline. Peripheral blood T cell subsets (CD3 +, CD4 +, CD8 +), helper T cells (Th) 1, Th2 cytokines IFN-, IL-4, NK cells, NK cells (NKT) and corticosterone (C), testosterone (T) and other immune and endocrine indicators. Results: ①Compared with the control group, the body weight and T / C ratio decreased significantly in the over-training group, and the numbers of CD3 + T cells and NK cells in the late training group were significantly lower than those in the control group, which were unresponsive, apathetic, dim eyesight, . Compared with the overtraining group, the levels of T, T / C and the ratio of CD4 + / CD8 + were significantly increased in Tribulus terrestris + over-training group, but the number of CD3 + T cells was not significantly increased; NK and NKT cells were significantly increased Beyond the quiet control group level. ③ Compared with the quiet control group, the ratio of IFN- (Th1 cell-specific cytokines) / IL-4 (Th2 cell-specific cytokines) was significantly decreased in overtraining rats, and the imbalance of Th1 / Th2 and Th2 shift. Compared with the overtraining group, the ratio of IFN- / IL-4 in Tribulus terrestris + over-training group increased significantly, and the balance of Th1 / Th2 imbalance improved. ④ Tribulus terrestris + over-training group significantly decreased plasma C levels, about 50% of over-training group. CONCLUSION: Tribulus terrestris extract can enhance the immune function of over-trained rats and prevent the occurrence of exercise-induced immunosuppression, including increasing the ratio of CD4 + / CD8 +, promoting the recovery of Th1 / Th2 balance and increasing the number of NK and NKT cells. Tribulus terrestris extract enhances the function of over-trained rats immune function is likely to reduce its plasma corticosterone.