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高速磁浮车辆的摇枕形状复杂,在列车高速运行(500km.h-1)中承受强烈的振动和交变载荷,若坯料设计不合理,在锻造过程中经常会产生缺料、折叠等缺陷。本文提出利用计算机仿真优化坯料形状的方法,通过De-form-3D软件对摇枕锻造过程进行数值模拟。再对模拟结果反复分析,克服了由于金属流动不合理而产生的缺陷。逐步优化坯料的形状,并结合数值模拟中出现的体积损失等问题,进行实验对比,最终成形出合格锻件。锻件计算结果与实验基本一致,该方法可用于复杂锻件预制坯料的优化设计。
The bolster shape of the high-speed maglev vehicle is complex and under strong vibration and alternating loads during high-speed train operation (500 km.h -1). If the billet design is not reasonable, defects such as lack of material and folding often occur during the forging process. In this paper, the method of optimizing the billet shape by computer simulation is proposed. The billet forging process is numerically simulated by De-form-3D software. Then repeated analysis of simulation results to overcome the defects due to unreasonable metal flow. Gradually optimize the shape of the billet, and combined with numerical problems such as volume loss appear in the simulation, the experimental comparison, the final shape of a qualified forging. The results of forgings are consistent with those of experiments. The method can be used to optimize the design of complex forging preforms.