人们对偶然性的地位从来没有一致的看法。经济学家最初面对的不是这种广泛性的问题。在选择的不确定性与合理性的关系方面,他们面对的演化场地较为平凡。后来,随着其不可回避的规律性被揭示,人们发现偶然性的基础是大数概率法则,它体现为一种比僵化因果链更为灵活的决定论:概率可确定事物的组织频率。创造性偶然是应对突变的方式,而我们就生活在突变时期。我们看到,一个世界正在崩溃,另一个世界正在建立。我们拥有的有限自由使我们可以对世界负起责任,因为我们还要把它传给后代。 There is never a consistent view of fortuitous status. Economists did not initially face such a widespread problem. In the choice of the relationship between uncertainty and rationality, they face a more common place of evolution. Later, as its unavoidable regularity was revealed, chance was found to be based on the Law of Large Numbers, a deterministic law that is more flexible than a rigid causal chain: Probability determines the frequency of the organization of things. Creativity is by chance a way to cope with mutations, and we live in periods of mutation. We see that one world is collapsing and another world is building. The limited freedom we have has allowed us to take responsibility for the world because we have to pass it on to future generations as well.