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从我国近22年经济运行的轨迹来看,在国民经济取得高速发展的同时,产业结构调整也取得了较大的成绩。但产业结构也存在着许多不足,最突出的问题是产业层次低、一般加工工业过大和重复建设,导致了生产能力过剩。产生上述问题的原因既有体制上的因素也有技术含量低的因素。产业结构调整的核心内容是产业结构升级,重点发展机电工业,用先进技术改造传统产业。加速我国产业结构升级和优化的对策主要有:进一步深化各方面的改革、扩大对外开放、加快技术创新、制定和实施配套的产业政策、依靠市场力量推动产业结构调整等。
From the trajectory of our country’s economic operation in recent 22 years, with the rapid development of the national economy, great achievements have also been made in industrial restructuring. However, there are still many problems in the industrial structure. The most prominent problems are the low industrial level, the excessive and repetitive construction of the general processing industry and the excess production capacity. Reasons for the above problems are both institutional and technical factors. The core content of industrial restructuring is the upgrading of the industrial structure, focusing on the development of the electromechanical industry and using advanced technologies to transform the traditional industries. The main measures to speed up the upgrading and optimization of China’s industrial structure include further deepening reforms in all aspects, expanding opening up to the outside world, accelerating technological innovation, formulating and implementing supporting industrial policies and relying on market forces to promote industrial restructuring.