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以狮子洋水下特长隧道为工程背景,利用CFD数值模拟软件FDS 4.01,建立隧道实体物理模型,进行火灾数值模拟分析。研究了列车火灾热释放功率为15 MW、不同坡度、不同纵向通风风速下,该类隧道内拱顶附近和2 m高处温度场的纵向分布规律,以及各工况下拱顶的最高温度,并分析其对隧道结构防火和人员疏散救援的影响。结果表明:随隧道坡度的增大,在同一通风速率下的烟气回流长度逐渐减小,但随着风速的加大,坡度对烟气回流的影响逐渐减弱;随着通风风速的增大,火区附近的温度下降,而沿程温度上升,纵向通风速率越大,拱顶温度越低。
Taking the Lion’s Subsea Super Long Tunnel as an example, the physical model of the tunnel was established by using CFD numerical simulation software FDS 4.01, and the fire numerical simulation was carried out. The longitudinal distribution of the temperature field near the vault and the 2 m height of such tunnel under the condition of 15 MW of heat release and different longitudinal wind speeds at different slopes was studied. The maximum temperature of the vault under each working condition, And analyzed its impact on fire prevention and evacuation and rescue of tunnel structures. The results show that with the increase of the gradient of the tunnel, the length of the flue gas return flow decreases with the increase of the tunnel ventilation velocity. However, with the increase of the wind speed, the influence of gradient on the flue gas return decreases gradually. With the increase of ventilation velocity, Near the fire zone, the temperature dropped while the temperature along the route increased. The greater the longitudinal ventilation rate, the lower the vault temperature.