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动脉粥样硬化的发病机制长期被认为与某些炎症因子密切相关,然而现有的治疗方案却仅以调节高脂血症与预防栓塞为目标。尽管某些治疗药物如乙酰水杨酸及他汀类具有一定抗炎作用,但目前为止没有一类药物专门通过靶向炎症反应来治疗动脉粥样硬化相关的心血管疾病。单核细胞,作为天然免疫的代表成分,在动脉粥样硬化从稳定到不稳定状态的发展演变过程中起着重要的作用。相关动物实验证明了单核细胞在急性冠脉综合症及心肌梗死后结局中发挥的关键作用。单核细胞在该过程中分化出不同亚型,各亚群在下游炎症通路中进一步发挥相应的作用。本综述将深入阐明单核细胞及其不同亚型在动脉粥样硬化、急性冠脉综合症、心肌愈合及相关并发症中发挥的作用。
The pathogenesis of atherosclerosis has long been thought to be closely linked to certain inflammatory factors, whereas existing treatment regimens aim solely at regulating hyperlipidemia and preventing embolism. Although some therapies such as acetylsalicylic acid and statins have some antiinflammatory effects, no class of drugs has so far specifically targeted the inflammatory response to treat atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Monocytes, as a representative of innate immunity, play an important role in the development and progression of atherosclerosis from stable to unstable state. Related animal studies have demonstrated the crucial role of monocytes in the outcome of acute coronary syndromes and myocardial infarction. In this process, monocytes differentiate into different subtypes, and each subpopulation further plays a corresponding role in downstream inflammatory pathways. This review will delve into the role of monocytes and their different subtypes in atherosclerosis, acute coronary syndromes, myocardial healing, and related complications.