消费、出口、投资是拉动经济发展的三驾马车,从长远看,消费则是最终的决定性力量。社会经济发展的目的归根结底还是为了满足人们日益增长的消费需求。本文以歙县住户调查资料为例,分析居民的消费特点,为制定居民消费政策提供参考依据。一、消费与收入高度相关,不同收入群体消费水平和质量差异大。消费与收入的相关性可以通过恩格尔系数说明。随着收入的不断增长,食品消费支出占生活消费支出的比重越来越低。在同一时期,由于居民家庭人口结构、消费观念、流行时尚等因素的影响,其生活消费支出的差异性并非完全 Consumption, exports and investment are the troika driving economic development. In the long run, consumption is the ultimate decisive force. In the final analysis, the purpose of social and economic development is to meet people’s growing consumption needs. This paper takes Yixian household survey data as an example to analyze the characteristics of residents ’consumption and provide a reference for formulating residents’ consumption policies. First, consumption and income are highly correlated, and different income groups have different levels of consumption and quality. The correlation between consumption and income can be explained by the Engel’s coefficient. With the continuous growth of income, the proportion of food consumption expenditure in living consumption is getting lower and lower. In the same period, due to the influence of such factors as the population structure of residents, consumer attitudes, fashion and other factors, the difference in living expenses was not complete