成像过程一般是比较复杂的,影响像质的因素也是多种多样的。例如,一个自身不发光的目标,受到光源照射后,被目标反射的光辐射经过传输介质(比如大气,水等),而后被光学仪器成像到接收器上。在这个过程中,大气抖动,光学系统的像差,离焦,接收器的噪音以及在记录瞬时,目标和接收器之间的相对运动等都是使成像质量降低的因素。光学信息处理技术的主要目的之一就是试图消除上述使像质降低的诸因素,以便增强对比,提高分辨率,改善成像质量,总之一句话,就是使像尽量逼真于原目标。这方面的工作很早就为人们所注意。最近十余年来,这方面有了迅速进展,出现了大量的文献和专著。 The imaging process is generally more complex, the factors that affect the image quality is also varied. For example, a target that does not emit light itself is irradiated by a light source and then the light reflected by the target is radiated through a transmission medium (such as air, water, etc.) and then is imaged onto the receiver by the optical instrument. During this process, atmospheric jitter, aberrations of the optical system, defocusing, receiver noise, and relative motion between the target and the receiver at the moment of recording are all factors that contribute to reduced image quality. One of the main purposes of the optical information processing technology is to try to eliminate the above factors that reduce the image quality so as to enhance the contrast, improve the resolution and improve the image quality. In a word, the image is as vivid as the original target. Work in this area has long been people’s attention. In the recent ten years, there has been rapid progress in this area, and a great deal of literature and monographs have appeared.