手术治疗低位直肠癌１２３０例，切除率７９．９２％，根治性切除率６３．９８％，手术死亡率１．４２％。在根治性切除术术中，腹会阴切除术占７１．１６％，复发率１３．５７％；保留肛管括约肌功能手术占２８．８４％，复发率为１２．３３％。１９８０年后与１９８０年前相比，５年生存率提高，手术死亡率下降。结果表明，如果病例选择适当，保肛手术在低位直肠癌中无论生存率或生活质量均明显优于腹会阴切除术。 Surgical treatment of 1230 cases of low rectal cancer, the resection rate was 79.92%, the radical resection rate was 63.98%, and the surgical mortality rate was 1.42%. In radical resection operation, abdominal perineal resection accounted for 71.16%, the recurrence rate was 13.57%, and the anal sphincter preservation function accounted for 28.84%, with a recurrence rate of 12.33%. After 1980, compared with before 1980, the 5-year survival rate increased, and the operative mortality rate decreased. The results showed that if the choice of cases is appropriate, sphincter preserving surgery is superior to abdominoperineal resection in both low survival and quality of life.