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［误］“What can I do for you?” “Yes， please help me.”
［正］“What can I do for you?” “I’d like to buy a sweater.”
［析］What can I do for you? 这一问句实际上可用于很多情景，要根据具体情况而定。如在商店中售货员讲这句话应译为：“您想要点儿什么?”在其他场合也可以被译为：“我能为您做些什么?”它的答语应是直接讲出想让对方提供的帮助。
［误］“Which color do you like?” “Sorry， I don’t like.”
［正］“Which color do you like?” “I prefer blue.”
［析］由which来提问的问句是要回答具体的选择，而不能泛泛的回答。如：Yes， I like it.
［误］Do you like to come with us tonight?
［正］Would you like to come with us tonight?
［析］Do you like…?问的是对方的习惯，如： Do you like swimming? Do you like collecting stamps? 而Would you like…?则是一次性的邀请、提议。邀请、提议的英语表达法还有如下几种：
Shall we go!我们走吧!
Let’s go！让我们走吧!
How about having a cup of tea? 喝杯茶如何?
What about a cup of coffee? 喝杯咖啡如何?
Why not buy it? 为什么不买呢?
其肯定答语一般为Certainly./Yes./OＫ./All right./With pleasure.。
［误］“Sorry， I’ve kept you waiting.” “Not at all.”
［正］“Sorry， I’ve kept you waiting.” “Never mind.”
［析］“介意不介意”这一问法与答语在中英文中有所不同。如：
“Do you mind my smoking here?” “＿＿＿＿.”
Ａ．Yes， do it please Ｂ．No， of course not
Ｃ．Yes， take it please Ｄ．No， you can’t take it
此题正确答案为B。其意为：不介意，当然不。而A、C选项则自相矛盾了，应译为：是的我介意，请抽吧。而D选项是：不介意，你不能抽。当向对方争求意见时，可以有以下问法：
Do you mind if I open the door?
Would you mind mailing the letter for me?
其答语如果是同意应为： Certainly not./Not at all.，而不同意时应为Yes.或I’m sorry.。
［误］“What’s that man?” “He is Mike.”
［正］“What’s that man?” “He is a teacher.”
［正］“Who’s that man?” “He is Mike. (He is Mike’s father.)”
［析］由what提问问的是职业，由who提问问的是姓名或身份。
［误］“How much are they?” “Half a kilo, please.”
［正］“How much are they?” “￥8 a kilo.”
［正］“How many bananas do you want?” “Half a kilo, please.”
［析］How much are they? 问的是价格而不是实际物品的多少。
［误］I’m sorry， but is this the way to the park?
［正］Excuse me， but is this the way to the park?
［析］I’m sorry.是对已经做错了的事向对方道歉时的开始语。而Excuse me是在打扰对方之前表达歉意的话。
［误］“Have a good time tonight!” “You are the same.”
［正］“Have a good time tonight!” “The same to you.”
［析］The same to you.是表达我也祝您有个愉快的夜晚，它是美语中的习惯用法。
［误］“What’s the problem?” “I’ve got a headache.”
［正］“What’s wrong with you?” “I’ve got a headache.”
［析］What’s wrong with you? 是询问对方身体状况如何，而 What’s the problem?是问对方遇到了什么麻烦。
［误］“Now， I’m back. Can I play?” “Perhaps. You’d better do your homework first.”
［正］“Now， I’m back. Can I play?”“I’m afraid not. You’d better do your homework first.”
［析］Perhaps.是表示对一种拿不准的事态的推论，如：“Am I right?” “Perhaps.”而 I’m afraid not.则表达一种不同意的态度。be afraid的几种常见用法有：
①其后直接加宾语从句。如：
I’m afraid that you are right.
②其后＋not，表示否定。如：
——Will you come to my birthday party?
——I’m afraid not. I have to go to see my father. He is in hospital.
③其后+of＋名词，表示对某人或某事物的害怕。如：
Sorry， I don’t want to go there alone， I’m afraid of the dog.
④其后＋of＋动名词，表示害怕做某事。如：
Mary is afraid of making mistakes in the exam.
⑤其后＋不定式，表示不敢去做某事。如：
Mary is afraid to see the teacher because she didn’t do well in the exam.
［误］“How soon will you be ready?” “Two days.”
［正］“How soon will you be ready?” “In two days.”
［析］此题关键是要根据情景，身临其境，要注意对方问了什么，就应答什么。或答了什么就应问什么。how soon问的是“还有多久才能做完”，这时要用in two days， 即在两天之内可以做完。如用how long提问，则答语可以用two days。
［误］“Would you mind if I have some time off?” “I don’t mind.” “Monday and Tuesday of next week.”
［正］“Would you mind if I have some time off?” “When exactly?” “Monday and Tuesday of next week.”
［析］I don’t mind.是可以用来回答 Would you mind…?这一问句，但如仔细看一看则会发现我们要选用的不是陈述句而是疑问句。根据下面一句的答语来判定要用When exactly? 什么时间，这样才能与下句中具体的时间相符合。
［误］Suppose your name is Tom. The phone rings and you pick it up. The first word you say will probably be “Who are you?”
［正］Suppose your name is Tom. The phone rings and you pick it up. The first word you say will probably be “Hello? This is Tom speaking!”
［析］在英语学习中，习惯用法实际上在某种情况，或某种意义上讲比语法更为重要。如果只从句子的角度上去分析，它们可能都是对的。比如，当你拿起电话时，如果你想知道对方是谁，可以问“Who’s that (speaking)?”但不要说“Who are you?”如果你想先介绍一下自己可以说“This is ××× speaking.”而不要说“I’m×××.”，也不要说“My name is ×××．”。就语法而论，“Who are you?” “I’m ×××.” “My name is ×××.”并非不正确，也是英语中可用的句子，但就打电话这一场合，就不宜用了。
［误］“Do you think it’s going to rain over the weekend?” “I don’t hope so.”
［正］“Do you think it’s going to rain over the weekend?” “I hope not.”
［析］针对实际英语口语中表达感情意愿的答语，如在肯定答语中I think so./I hope so./I believe so. 是相同的，但在否定句中却常用I don’t think so.，但I don’t believe so. 和I don’t hope so. 则意为：“我不信此事。”和“我不希望此事发生。”，而I believe not.和I hope not. 则意为：“我想可能不会发生吧。”。
［误］“Is anybody here?” “No， Bob and Tom have asked for leave.”
［正］“Is everybody here?” “No， Bob and Tom have asked for leave.”
［析］许多学生在写作和选择答语或问句时总要语法在先，而不是习惯用语在先。所以总是要拘泥于疑问句中的不定代词，用anybody。但是Is anybody here? 在英语中为：这里有人吗?而Is everybody here?为：“全都到齐了吗?”，所以首先要考虑的是其答语：No， Bob and Tom have asked for leave.。
［误］“Your handwriting is very good!” “No， my handwriting is very poor!”
［正］“Your handwriting is very good!” “Thank you！”
［析］中国人遇到别人称赞，总是以谦逊为美德。但英美人则往往认为自信是美德。所以当别人夸奖你或赞美你时，就应说： Thank you.。
［正］“What can I do for you?” “I’d like to buy a sweater.”
［析］What can I do for you? 这一问句实际上可用于很多情景，要根据具体情况而定。如在商店中售货员讲这句话应译为：“您想要点儿什么?”在其他场合也可以被译为：“我能为您做些什么?”它的答语应是直接讲出想让对方提供的帮助。
［误］“Which color do you like?” “Sorry， I don’t like.”
［正］“Which color do you like?” “I prefer blue.”
［析］由which来提问的问句是要回答具体的选择，而不能泛泛的回答。如：Yes， I like it.
［误］Do you like to come with us tonight?
［正］Would you like to come with us tonight?
［析］Do you like…?问的是对方的习惯，如： Do you like swimming? Do you like collecting stamps? 而Would you like…?则是一次性的邀请、提议。邀请、提议的英语表达法还有如下几种：
Shall we go!我们走吧!
Let’s go！让我们走吧!
How about having a cup of tea? 喝杯茶如何?
What about a cup of coffee? 喝杯咖啡如何?
Why not buy it? 为什么不买呢?
其肯定答语一般为Certainly./Yes./OＫ./All right./With pleasure.。
［误］“Sorry， I’ve kept you waiting.” “Not at all.”
［正］“Sorry， I’ve kept you waiting.” “Never mind.”
［析］“介意不介意”这一问法与答语在中英文中有所不同。如：
“Do you mind my smoking here?” “＿＿＿＿.”
Ａ．Yes， do it please Ｂ．No， of course not
Ｃ．Yes， take it please Ｄ．No， you can’t take it
此题正确答案为B。其意为：不介意，当然不。而A、C选项则自相矛盾了，应译为：是的我介意，请抽吧。而D选项是：不介意，你不能抽。当向对方争求意见时，可以有以下问法：
Do you mind if I open the door?
Would you mind mailing the letter for me?
其答语如果是同意应为： Certainly not./Not at all.，而不同意时应为Yes.或I’m sorry.。
［误］“What’s that man?” “He is Mike.”
［正］“What’s that man?” “He is a teacher.”
［正］“Who’s that man?” “He is Mike. (He is Mike’s father.)”
［析］由what提问问的是职业，由who提问问的是姓名或身份。
［误］“How much are they?” “Half a kilo, please.”
［正］“How much are they?” “￥8 a kilo.”
［正］“How many bananas do you want?” “Half a kilo, please.”
［析］How much are they? 问的是价格而不是实际物品的多少。
［误］I’m sorry， but is this the way to the park?
［正］Excuse me， but is this the way to the park?
［析］I’m sorry.是对已经做错了的事向对方道歉时的开始语。而Excuse me是在打扰对方之前表达歉意的话。
［误］“Have a good time tonight!” “You are the same.”
［正］“Have a good time tonight!” “The same to you.”
［析］The same to you.是表达我也祝您有个愉快的夜晚，它是美语中的习惯用法。
［误］“What’s the problem?” “I’ve got a headache.”
［正］“What’s wrong with you?” “I’ve got a headache.”
［析］What’s wrong with you? 是询问对方身体状况如何，而 What’s the problem?是问对方遇到了什么麻烦。
［误］“Now， I’m back. Can I play?” “Perhaps. You’d better do your homework first.”
［正］“Now， I’m back. Can I play?”“I’m afraid not. You’d better do your homework first.”
［析］Perhaps.是表示对一种拿不准的事态的推论，如：“Am I right?” “Perhaps.”而 I’m afraid not.则表达一种不同意的态度。be afraid的几种常见用法有：
①其后直接加宾语从句。如：
I’m afraid that you are right.
②其后＋not，表示否定。如：
——Will you come to my birthday party?
——I’m afraid not. I have to go to see my father. He is in hospital.
③其后+of＋名词，表示对某人或某事物的害怕。如：
Sorry， I don’t want to go there alone， I’m afraid of the dog.
④其后＋of＋动名词，表示害怕做某事。如：
Mary is afraid of making mistakes in the exam.
⑤其后＋不定式，表示不敢去做某事。如：
Mary is afraid to see the teacher because she didn’t do well in the exam.
［误］“How soon will you be ready?” “Two days.”
［正］“How soon will you be ready?” “In two days.”
［析］此题关键是要根据情景，身临其境，要注意对方问了什么，就应答什么。或答了什么就应问什么。how soon问的是“还有多久才能做完”，这时要用in two days， 即在两天之内可以做完。如用how long提问，则答语可以用two days。
［误］“Would you mind if I have some time off?” “I don’t mind.” “Monday and Tuesday of next week.”
［正］“Would you mind if I have some time off?” “When exactly?” “Monday and Tuesday of next week.”
［析］I don’t mind.是可以用来回答 Would you mind…?这一问句，但如仔细看一看则会发现我们要选用的不是陈述句而是疑问句。根据下面一句的答语来判定要用When exactly? 什么时间，这样才能与下句中具体的时间相符合。
［误］Suppose your name is Tom. The phone rings and you pick it up. The first word you say will probably be “Who are you?”
［正］Suppose your name is Tom. The phone rings and you pick it up. The first word you say will probably be “Hello? This is Tom speaking!”
［析］在英语学习中，习惯用法实际上在某种情况，或某种意义上讲比语法更为重要。如果只从句子的角度上去分析，它们可能都是对的。比如，当你拿起电话时，如果你想知道对方是谁，可以问“Who’s that (speaking)?”但不要说“Who are you?”如果你想先介绍一下自己可以说“This is ××× speaking.”而不要说“I’m×××.”，也不要说“My name is ×××．”。就语法而论，“Who are you?” “I’m ×××.” “My name is ×××.”并非不正确，也是英语中可用的句子，但就打电话这一场合，就不宜用了。
［误］“Do you think it’s going to rain over the weekend?” “I don’t hope so.”
［正］“Do you think it’s going to rain over the weekend?” “I hope not.”
［析］针对实际英语口语中表达感情意愿的答语，如在肯定答语中I think so./I hope so./I believe so. 是相同的，但在否定句中却常用I don’t think so.，但I don’t believe so. 和I don’t hope so. 则意为：“我不信此事。”和“我不希望此事发生。”，而I believe not.和I hope not. 则意为：“我想可能不会发生吧。”。
［误］“Is anybody here?” “No， Bob and Tom have asked for leave.”
［正］“Is everybody here?” “No， Bob and Tom have asked for leave.”
［析］许多学生在写作和选择答语或问句时总要语法在先，而不是习惯用语在先。所以总是要拘泥于疑问句中的不定代词，用anybody。但是Is anybody here? 在英语中为：这里有人吗?而Is everybody here?为：“全都到齐了吗?”，所以首先要考虑的是其答语：No， Bob and Tom have asked for leave.。
［误］“Your handwriting is very good!” “No， my handwriting is very poor!”
［正］“Your handwriting is very good!” “Thank you！”
［析］中国人遇到别人称赞，总是以谦逊为美德。但英美人则往往认为自信是美德。所以当别人夸奖你或赞美你时，就应说： Thank you.。