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[误]“What can I do for you?” “Yes, please help me.”
[正]“What can I do for you?” “I’d like to buy a sweater.”
[析]What can I do for you? 这一问句实际上可用于很多情景,要根据具体情况而定。如在商店中售货员讲这句话应译为:“您想要点儿什么?”在其他场合也可以被译为:“我能为您做些什么?”它的答语应是直接讲出想让对方提供的帮助。
[误]“Which color do you like?” “Sorry, I don’t like.”
[正]“Which color do you like?” “I prefer blue.”
[析]由which来提问的问句是要回答具体的选择,而不能泛泛的回答。如:Yes, I like it.
[误]Do you like to come with us tonight?
[正]Would you like to come with us tonight?
[析]Do you like…?问的是对方的习惯,如: Do you like swimming? Do you like collecting stamps? 而Would you like…?则是一次性的邀请、提议。邀请、提议的英语表达法还有如下几种:
Shall we go!我们走吧!
Let’s go!让我们走吧!
How about having a cup of tea? 喝杯茶如何?
What about a cup of coffee? 喝杯咖啡如何?
Why not buy it? 为什么不买呢?
其肯定答语一般为Certainly./Yes./OK./All right./With pleasure.。
[误]“Sorry, I’ve kept you waiting.” “Not at all.”
[正]“Sorry, I’ve kept you waiting.” “Never mind.”
[析]“介意不介意”这一问法与答语在中英文中有所不同。如:
“Do you mind my smoking here?” “____.”
A.Yes, do it please B.No, of course not
C.Yes, take it please D.No, you can’t take it
此题正确答案为B。其意为:不介意,当然不。而A、C选项则自相矛盾了,应译为:是的我介意,请抽吧。而D选项是:不介意,你不能抽。当向对方争求意见时,可以有以下问法:
Do you mind if I open the door?
Would you mind mailing the letter for me?
其答语如果是同意应为: Certainly not./Not at all.,而不同意时应为Yes.或I’m sorry.。
[误]“What’s that man?” “He is Mike.”
[正]“What’s that man?” “He is a teacher.”
[正]“Who’s that man?” “He is Mike. (He is Mike’s father.)”
[析]由what提问问的是职业,由who提问问的是姓名或身份。
[误]“How much are they?” “Half a kilo, please.”
[正]“How much are they?” “¥8 a kilo.”
[正]“How many bananas do you want?” “Half a kilo, please.”
[析]How much are they? 问的是价格而不是实际物品的多少。
[误]I’m sorry, but is this the way to the park?
[正]Excuse me, but is this the way to the park?
[析]I’m sorry.是对已经做错了的事向对方道歉时的开始语。而Excuse me是在打扰对方之前表达歉意的话。
[误]“Have a good time tonight!” “You are the same.”
[正]“Have a good time tonight!” “The same to you.”
[析]The same to you.是表达我也祝您有个愉快的夜晚,它是美语中的习惯用法。
[误]“What’s the problem?” “I’ve got a headache.”
[正]“What’s wrong with you?” “I’ve got a headache.”
[析]What’s wrong with you? 是询问对方身体状况如何,而 What’s the problem?是问对方遇到了什么麻烦。
[误]“Now, I’m back. Can I play?” “Perhaps. You’d better do your homework first.”
[正]“Now, I’m back. Can I play?”“I’m afraid not. You’d better do your homework first.”
[析]Perhaps.是表示对一种拿不准的事态的推论,如:“Am I right?” “Perhaps.”而 I’m afraid not.则表达一种不同意的态度。be afraid的几种常见用法有:
①其后直接加宾语从句。如:
I’m afraid that you are right.
②其后+not,表示否定。如:
——Will you come to my birthday party?
——I’m afraid not. I have to go to see my father. He is in hospital.
③其后+of+名词,表示对某人或某事物的害怕。如:
Sorry, I don’t want to go there alone, I’m afraid of the dog.
④其后+of+动名词,表示害怕做某事。如:
Mary is afraid of making mistakes in the exam.
⑤其后+不定式,表示不敢去做某事。如:
Mary is afraid to see the teacher because she didn’t do well in the exam.
[误]“How soon will you be ready?” “Two days.”
[正]“How soon will you be ready?” “In two days.”
[析]此题关键是要根据情景,身临其境,要注意对方问了什么,就应答什么。或答了什么就应问什么。how soon问的是“还有多久才能做完”,这时要用in two days, 即在两天之内可以做完。如用how long提问,则答语可以用two days。
[误]“Would you mind if I have some time off?” “I don’t mind.” “Monday and Tuesday of next week.”
[正]“Would you mind if I have some time off?” “When exactly?” “Monday and Tuesday of next week.”
[析]I don’t mind.是可以用来回答 Would you mind…?这一问句,但如仔细看一看则会发现我们要选用的不是陈述句而是疑问句。根据下面一句的答语来判定要用When exactly? 什么时间,这样才能与下句中具体的时间相符合。
[误]Suppose your name is Tom. The phone rings and you pick it up. The first word you say will probably be “Who are you?”
[正]Suppose your name is Tom. The phone rings and you pick it up. The first word you say will probably be “Hello? This is Tom speaking!”
[析]在英语学习中,习惯用法实际上在某种情况,或某种意义上讲比语法更为重要。如果只从句子的角度上去分析,它们可能都是对的。比如,当你拿起电话时,如果你想知道对方是谁,可以问“Who’s that (speaking)?”但不要说“Who are you?”如果你想先介绍一下自己可以说“This is ××× speaking.”而不要说“I’m×××.”,也不要说“My name is ×××.”。就语法而论,“Who are you?” “I’m ×××.” “My name is ×××.”并非不正确,也是英语中可用的句子,但就打电话这一场合,就不宜用了。
[误]“Do you think it’s going to rain over the weekend?” “I don’t hope so.”
[正]“Do you think it’s going to rain over the weekend?” “I hope not.”
[析]针对实际英语口语中表达感情意愿的答语,如在肯定答语中I think so./I hope so./I believe so. 是相同的,但在否定句中却常用I don’t think so.,但I don’t believe so. 和I don’t hope so. 则意为:“我不信此事。”和“我不希望此事发生。”,而I believe not.和I hope not. 则意为:“我想可能不会发生吧。”。
[误]“Is anybody here?” “No, Bob and Tom have asked for leave.”
[正]“Is everybody here?” “No, Bob and Tom have asked for leave.”
[析]许多学生在写作和选择答语或问句时总要语法在先,而不是习惯用语在先。所以总是要拘泥于疑问句中的不定代词,用anybody。但是Is anybody here? 在英语中为:这里有人吗?而Is everybody here?为:“全都到齐了吗?”,所以首先要考虑的是其答语:No, Bob and Tom have asked for leave.。
[误]“Your handwriting is very good!” “No, my handwriting is very poor!”
[正]“Your handwriting is very good!” “Thank you!”
[析]中国人遇到别人称赞,总是以谦逊为美德。但英美人则往往认为自信是美德。所以当别人夸奖你或赞美你时,就应说: Thank you.。
[正]“What can I do for you?” “I’d like to buy a sweater.”
[析]What can I do for you? 这一问句实际上可用于很多情景,要根据具体情况而定。如在商店中售货员讲这句话应译为:“您想要点儿什么?”在其他场合也可以被译为:“我能为您做些什么?”它的答语应是直接讲出想让对方提供的帮助。
[误]“Which color do you like?” “Sorry, I don’t like.”
[正]“Which color do you like?” “I prefer blue.”
[析]由which来提问的问句是要回答具体的选择,而不能泛泛的回答。如:Yes, I like it.
[误]Do you like to come with us tonight?
[正]Would you like to come with us tonight?
[析]Do you like…?问的是对方的习惯,如: Do you like swimming? Do you like collecting stamps? 而Would you like…?则是一次性的邀请、提议。邀请、提议的英语表达法还有如下几种:
Shall we go!我们走吧!
Let’s go!让我们走吧!
How about having a cup of tea? 喝杯茶如何?
What about a cup of coffee? 喝杯咖啡如何?
Why not buy it? 为什么不买呢?
其肯定答语一般为Certainly./Yes./OK./All right./With pleasure.。
[误]“Sorry, I’ve kept you waiting.” “Not at all.”
[正]“Sorry, I’ve kept you waiting.” “Never mind.”
[析]“介意不介意”这一问法与答语在中英文中有所不同。如:
“Do you mind my smoking here?” “____.”
A.Yes, do it please B.No, of course not
C.Yes, take it please D.No, you can’t take it
此题正确答案为B。其意为:不介意,当然不。而A、C选项则自相矛盾了,应译为:是的我介意,请抽吧。而D选项是:不介意,你不能抽。当向对方争求意见时,可以有以下问法:
Do you mind if I open the door?
Would you mind mailing the letter for me?
其答语如果是同意应为: Certainly not./Not at all.,而不同意时应为Yes.或I’m sorry.。
[误]“What’s that man?” “He is Mike.”
[正]“What’s that man?” “He is a teacher.”
[正]“Who’s that man?” “He is Mike. (He is Mike’s father.)”
[析]由what提问问的是职业,由who提问问的是姓名或身份。
[误]“How much are they?” “Half a kilo, please.”
[正]“How much are they?” “¥8 a kilo.”
[正]“How many bananas do you want?” “Half a kilo, please.”
[析]How much are they? 问的是价格而不是实际物品的多少。
[误]I’m sorry, but is this the way to the park?
[正]Excuse me, but is this the way to the park?
[析]I’m sorry.是对已经做错了的事向对方道歉时的开始语。而Excuse me是在打扰对方之前表达歉意的话。
[误]“Have a good time tonight!” “You are the same.”
[正]“Have a good time tonight!” “The same to you.”
[析]The same to you.是表达我也祝您有个愉快的夜晚,它是美语中的习惯用法。
[误]“What’s the problem?” “I’ve got a headache.”
[正]“What’s wrong with you?” “I’ve got a headache.”
[析]What’s wrong with you? 是询问对方身体状况如何,而 What’s the problem?是问对方遇到了什么麻烦。
[误]“Now, I’m back. Can I play?” “Perhaps. You’d better do your homework first.”
[正]“Now, I’m back. Can I play?”“I’m afraid not. You’d better do your homework first.”
[析]Perhaps.是表示对一种拿不准的事态的推论,如:“Am I right?” “Perhaps.”而 I’m afraid not.则表达一种不同意的态度。be afraid的几种常见用法有:
①其后直接加宾语从句。如:
I’m afraid that you are right.
②其后+not,表示否定。如:
——Will you come to my birthday party?
——I’m afraid not. I have to go to see my father. He is in hospital.
③其后+of+名词,表示对某人或某事物的害怕。如:
Sorry, I don’t want to go there alone, I’m afraid of the dog.
④其后+of+动名词,表示害怕做某事。如:
Mary is afraid of making mistakes in the exam.
⑤其后+不定式,表示不敢去做某事。如:
Mary is afraid to see the teacher because she didn’t do well in the exam.
[误]“How soon will you be ready?” “Two days.”
[正]“How soon will you be ready?” “In two days.”
[析]此题关键是要根据情景,身临其境,要注意对方问了什么,就应答什么。或答了什么就应问什么。how soon问的是“还有多久才能做完”,这时要用in two days, 即在两天之内可以做完。如用how long提问,则答语可以用two days。
[误]“Would you mind if I have some time off?” “I don’t mind.” “Monday and Tuesday of next week.”
[正]“Would you mind if I have some time off?” “When exactly?” “Monday and Tuesday of next week.”
[析]I don’t mind.是可以用来回答 Would you mind…?这一问句,但如仔细看一看则会发现我们要选用的不是陈述句而是疑问句。根据下面一句的答语来判定要用When exactly? 什么时间,这样才能与下句中具体的时间相符合。
[误]Suppose your name is Tom. The phone rings and you pick it up. The first word you say will probably be “Who are you?”
[正]Suppose your name is Tom. The phone rings and you pick it up. The first word you say will probably be “Hello? This is Tom speaking!”
[析]在英语学习中,习惯用法实际上在某种情况,或某种意义上讲比语法更为重要。如果只从句子的角度上去分析,它们可能都是对的。比如,当你拿起电话时,如果你想知道对方是谁,可以问“Who’s that (speaking)?”但不要说“Who are you?”如果你想先介绍一下自己可以说“This is ××× speaking.”而不要说“I’m×××.”,也不要说“My name is ×××.”。就语法而论,“Who are you?” “I’m ×××.” “My name is ×××.”并非不正确,也是英语中可用的句子,但就打电话这一场合,就不宜用了。
[误]“Do you think it’s going to rain over the weekend?” “I don’t hope so.”
[正]“Do you think it’s going to rain over the weekend?” “I hope not.”
[析]针对实际英语口语中表达感情意愿的答语,如在肯定答语中I think so./I hope so./I believe so. 是相同的,但在否定句中却常用I don’t think so.,但I don’t believe so. 和I don’t hope so. 则意为:“我不信此事。”和“我不希望此事发生。”,而I believe not.和I hope not. 则意为:“我想可能不会发生吧。”。
[误]“Is anybody here?” “No, Bob and Tom have asked for leave.”
[正]“Is everybody here?” “No, Bob and Tom have asked for leave.”
[析]许多学生在写作和选择答语或问句时总要语法在先,而不是习惯用语在先。所以总是要拘泥于疑问句中的不定代词,用anybody。但是Is anybody here? 在英语中为:这里有人吗?而Is everybody here?为:“全都到齐了吗?”,所以首先要考虑的是其答语:No, Bob and Tom have asked for leave.。
[误]“Your handwriting is very good!” “No, my handwriting is very poor!”
[正]“Your handwriting is very good!” “Thank you!”
[析]中国人遇到别人称赞,总是以谦逊为美德。但英美人则往往认为自信是美德。所以当别人夸奖你或赞美你时,就应说: Thank you.。