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2002年底SARS在中国的首度出现有一定的偶然性,但2003年在中国的大面积爆发与蔓延却有着一定的必然性。中国在防治SARS过程中出现了大量的无效成本,这本质上是我国经济转型和改革开放以来经济社会发展目标和实施过程中的失误和偏颇的集中反映,是制度性失误的成本。在现有制度约束下,政府、企业和居民等主体的不当行为直接生成了现实的无效成本。以SARS事件为鉴,我们应重新审视中国经济社会发展的路径选择。从转变政府职能切入,重构现存的公共卫生制度和危机管理制度应该是后SARS时期政策改革的着力点。
SARS in China for the first time in late 2002 there is a certain chance, but in 2003 there is a certain degree of inevitability of the outbreak and spread of large-scale in China. In the process of SARS prevention and control in China, a large number of ineffective costs have emerged. This is essentially a reflection of mistakes and biases in the economic and social development goals and implementation of our country since the economic restructuring and the reform and opening up and is the cost of institutional failures. Under the existing system constraints, the misconduct of the government, enterprises and residents directly generates the actual invalid cost. In the light of the SARS incident, we should re-examine the path of China’s economic and social development. It is the focal point of policy reform in the post-SARS period to transform the functions of the government and reconstruct the existing public health system and crisis management system.