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19世纪初期的欧美文学主要以浪漫主义文学为主导,其后从19世纪30年代至19世纪末,现实主义文学逐渐成为欧美文学的主流,而“自然主义”是“现实主义”中最为重要的一个组成部分,产生于法国,而后传入欧美和世界各国并逐渐发展壮大。“反映自然”是现实主义和自然主义共同的创作理念,现实主义强调的是通过典型化的手法反映具有内在必然性的典型的真实的自然,而自然主义提倡人和生活的真实的一面,让真实的人物在真实的环境中活动,还原真实的自然的生活片段。本文就英美文学作品中的自然主义主题进行研究和解读。
In the early 19th century, European and American literature was mainly dominated by romantic literature. Since then, realist literature has gradually become the mainstream of European and American literature from the 1830s to the end of the 19th century, and “naturalism” is a part of “realism” One of the most important components originated in France, and then spread to Europe and the United States and other countries in the world and gradually grow and develop. “Reflection of Nature ” is a common creative concept of realism and naturalism. Realism emphasizes the typical real nature with intrinsic necessity reflected through typical methods. Naturalism advocates the true side of people and life, Let the real characters in the real environment activity, restore the true natural life fragment. This article studies and interprets the naturalist themes in English and American literary works.