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子宫内膜癌是女性生殖系统三大恶性肿瘤之一，发病率呈逐年增长趋势。目前针对子宫内膜癌的治疗效果尚不十分理想，而对于子宫内膜癌的个体化靶向治疗将成为该领域研究热点。近年来随着分子生物学的飞速发展及对子宫内膜癌致癌机制的不断探索，多种基因学改变及信号转导通路异常已被证实在子宫内膜癌的发生、发展过程中起决定性作用。因此，正确的认识子宫内膜癌发生、发展中相关的分子机制对子宫内膜癌患者的个体化靶向治疗研究至关重要。“,”Endometrial carcinoma is one of the three big malignant tumors in female reproductive sys-tem,the incidence of which has been increasing year after year. At present,the treatment effect of the endom-etrial cancer is not satisfactory. Thus,individual target therapy for endometrial carcinoma will become a hots-pot in the field. In recent years,with the rapid development of molecular biology,and continuous exploration for endometrial carcinoma mechanism,multiple genetic changes and abnormal signal pathways have been con-firmed in the occurrence and development of endometrial cancer,playing a decisive role. Understanding of the molecular mechanisms of endometrial carcinoma is very meaningful to the individual target therapy in clinical.