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研究双株错位、双株对位、单株错位、单株对位种植方式对金海5号冠层结构及光合特性影响。结果表明,错位种植显著减小玉米穗下茎叶夹角1.9°~2.5°,增加穗位高和茎粗;吐丝前各种植处理冠层LAI均低于常规单株对位,中后期双株处理(双株对位和双株错位)下冠层LAI衰减缓慢,表现出高效冠层潜势;双株对位的冠层结构失衡,穗位叶净光合速率(Pn)下降,光能利用率最低;双株错位冠层内光分布合理,中后期穗位层透光率提升41.64%,棒3叶Pn增强并能持续较长时间;相比常规单株对位种植,其他3种处理在穗部性状、产量构成因素表现较优,双株错位处理的穗粒数和千粒重比常规单株对位种植显著增加,秃尖短,产量最高,具有改善冠层结构和功能的增产潜势。
The effects of double plant dislocation, double plant alignment, single plant dislocation and single plant alignment on canopy structure and photosynthetic characteristics of Jinhai No.5 were studied. The results showed that the dislocation planting significantly reduced the angle between the stems and leaves of maize ear 1.9 ° ~ 2.5 ° and increased the ear height and stem diameter. The LAI of the canopy layers of all treatments before silking was lower than that of the conventional single plant, The canopy LAI attenuated slowly and showed a high potential for canopy treatment. The canopy structure of the two plants was unbalanced, and the net photosynthetic rate (Pn) decreased. The light energy The light utilization rate was the lowest in the canopy. The light transmittance in the mid-late ear layer was increased by 41.64%, the Pn in the rod-3 leaf was enhanced and could last for a long time. Compared with the conventional single plant, the other three The treatment of panicle traits resulted in better yield components. The number of spikelets per panicle and the 1000-grain weight per plant were significantly increased as compared with that of the conventional single plant. The bald tip was short and the yield was the highest. The production potential increased with the improvement of the canopy structure and function Potential.