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一、引言含有不同营养成分的肥料(特别是化学肥料),如何合理配合施用,以达到既经济而又高产的目的,确是农业生产上存在的实际问题。这一问题的解决,一方面有赖于对土壤条件的了解,另一方面也必须探明植物本身对营养物质的需要。植物需要多种营养元素,这些元素在生理上都直接或间接地存在着一定的相互关系。譬如,氮素营养与磷素营养就有明显的依赖性;当磷素供应不足时,氮素的吸收与代谢就会遭到严重的破坏;反之,氮素又是植物利用磷素不可缺少的条件。钾素营养与氮素代谢亦有密切的相关;不少试验证明,当钾素供应充足时,进入植物体内的氮素就较多,形成的蛋白质亦较多。
I. INTRODUCTION Fertilizers with different nutrients (especially chemical fertilizers), and how to rationally cooperate with them so as to achieve the goal of economic and high yield are indeed the practical problems in agricultural production. The solution to this problem depends on one hand on the understanding of soil conditions and on the other hand on the need of the plant itself for its nutrients. Plants need a variety of nutrients, these elements are directly or indirectly in the physical existence of a certain relationship. For example, nitrogen nutrition and phosphorus nutrition have obvious dependence; when the supply of phosphorus is not enough, the absorption and metabolism of nitrogen will be severely damaged; conversely, nitrogen is an indispensable use of phosphorus by plants condition. There is also a close correlation between potassium nutrition and nitrogen metabolism. Many experiments show that when enough potassium is supplied, more nitrogen is introduced into the plants and more proteins are formed.