许多演示实验因仪器体积有限或实验现象不明显,在一定程度上影响了教学效果。这里介绍三个改进方法,供参考。 一、家庭实验法。就是将要做的演示实验于几天前当任务布置给学生,让学生自制土仪器自找材料,在家里试验。一般,学生在家里难以一次试验成功。不管学生的试验成功与否,上课时他们再看老师的演示实验更有兴趣、能更认真地观察,对实验理解更深。这个方法的更大好处在于能充分调动所有学生的积极性,能极大限度地让学生动脑动手,能培养他们解决问题的能力。物理、化学、生物、小学自然都有演示实验能按此法进行教学。 二、习题法。就是教师将所要做的演示实验当习题交给学生,让学生到实验室自已准备仪器和实 Many demonstration experiments affect the teaching effect to a certain extent because of the limited size of the instrument or the fact that the experimental phenomenon is not obvious. Here are three improved methods for reference. First, the family experiment method. That is, the demonstration experiment to be done was arranged to the students several days ago. The students were allowed to self-produce their own materials and to test at home. In general, it is difficult for students to test successfully at home. Regardless of whether the student’s test was successful or not, they would be more interested in watching the teacher’s demonstration experiment in class, be able to observe it more closely, and have a deeper understanding of the experiment. The greater advantage of this method is that it can fully mobilize the enthusiasm of all students, can greatly allow students to move their brains, and develop their ability to solve problems. Physics, chemistry, biology, and elementary schools naturally have demonstration experiments that can be taught in this way. Second, exercise method. It is the teacher who gives the students the exercises to do the exercises and let them go to the laboratory to prepare the instruments and the actual